Enhancement of biomolecule transport by electroporation: A review of theory and practical application to transformation of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i>

Tryfona, Theodora; Bustard, Mark Thomas

doi:10.1002/bit.20725

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Electroporation is used as an efficient transformation technique for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Chassy et al 1988;Dower et al 1988;Fiedler and Wirth 1988;Tryfona and Bustard 2005). Mechanisms of gene electrotransfer were studied extensively, among which surface binding and diffusion through electropores, effective electric pulse parameters, and the effect of DNA topology on transformation efficiency were investigated (Xie et al 1990;.…”

Section: Electroporation Of Bacteria and Yeastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroporation in Biological Cell and Tissue: An Overview

Kandušer

Miklavčič²

2008

Electrotechnologies for Extraction From Food Plants and Biomaterials

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In this chapter, basics and mechanisms of electroporation are presented. Most important electric pulse parameters for electroporation efficiency for different applications that involve introduction of small molecules and macromolecules into the cell or cell membrane electrofusion are described. In all these applications, cell viability has to be preserved. However, in some biotechnological applications, such as liquid food sterilization or water treatment, electroporation is used as a method for efficient cell killing. For all the applications mentioned above, besides electric pulse parameters, other factors, such as electroporation medium composition and osmotic pressure, play significant roles in electroporation effectiveness. For controlled use of the method in all applications, the basic mechanisms of electroporation need to be known. The phenomenon was studied from the single-cell level and dense cell suspension that represents a simplified homogenous tissue model, to complex biological tissues. In the latter, different cell types and electric conductivity that change during the course of electric pulse application can significantly affect the effectiveness of the treatment. For such a complex situation, the design and use of suitable electrodes and theoretical modeling of electric field distribution within the tissue are essential. Electroporation as a universal method applicable to different cell types is used for different purposes. In medicine it is used for electrochemotherapy and genetherapy. In biotechnology it is used for water and liquid food sterilization and for transfection of bacteria, yeast, plant protoplast, and intact plant tissue. Understanding the phenomenon of electroporation, its mechanisms and optimization of all the parameters that affect electroporation is a prerequisite for successful treatment. In addition to the parameters mentioned above, different biological characteristics of treated cell affect the outcome of the treatment. Electroporation, gene electrotransfer and electrofusion are affected by cell membrane fluidity, cytoskeleton, and the presence of the cell wall in bacteria yeast and plant cells. Thus, electroporation parameters need to be specifically optimized for different cell types.

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Section: Electroporation Of Bacteria and Yeastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroporation in Biological Cell and Tissue: An Overview

Kandušer

Miklavčič²

2008

Electrotechnologies for Extraction From Food Plants and Biomaterials

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“…In addition, it can be used to deliver specific extra-cellular genes into targets within a very short time. Nowadays, the EP method is used in cancer research (Canatella and Prausnitz 2001;Jamieson et al 1989;Nishi et al 1996;Yang and Sun 1995), gene packaged with lipids, peptides and viruses transfection (Coulberson et al 2003;Tryfona and Bustard 2006), and drug delivery (Canatella and Prausnitz 2001). In addition, the EP method is successful in transgenic treatments in mice (Lavitrano et al 1989;Marti et al 2004;Neumann et al 1982;Nishi et al 1996), silkworm (Shamila and Mathavan 1998), sea urchin (Larochelle and Epel 1991), cattle (Gagne et al 1991), chick (Nakamura andFunahashi 2001), abalone (Powers et al 1995), and fish (Rambabu et al 2005;Connaughton et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The EP technique employs one or several short electrical impulses to break down the dielectric layer on the cell membrane and thereby creates multiple transient pores allowing the entry of DNA into the cells (Tryfona and Bustard 2006). This way, foreign DNAs can be introduced into cells, thereby allowing the batch production of transgenics (Coulberson et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electroporation microchip system for the transfection of zebrafish embryos using quantum dots and GFP genes for evaluation

Huang¹,

Lin²,

Su³

et al. 2007

Biomed Microdevices

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This study focuses on the design and experimental verification of an electroporation (EP) microchip system for the transfection of zebrafish (Danio rerio). For generating suitable pulses, a circuit is used to provide voltages between 0 and 700 V, with nearly 0-3,500 V/cm electric field. In addition, a proposed EP microchip, designed in a modular fashion, is fabricated using micro electromechanical system (MEMS) technology to allow for rapid and convenient replacement of each component. A numerical simulation is carried out to analyze the uniformity and strength of the EP electric fields generated in the microchip. Trypan blue dye, water-soluble quantum dots (MUA-QDs) and genes coding for green fluorescence protein (pEGFP-N1 plasmids) were employed to verify the successful delivery and transfection of zebrafish embryos. The experimental results show that the optimum delivery rate of trypan blue dyes and MUA-QDs were respectively up to 62 and 36% by using the proposed EP system. The successfully transfected embryos with the pEGFP-N1 plasmid used exhibit green fluorescence in the zebrafish embryos. The approach in the transfection of zebrafish embryos will provide many potential usages for cellular imaging areas, gene therapy research and medical applications.

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“…Among various parameters for applied electric pulses, electric field strength is the most crucial factor for the formation of pores on the cell membrane. Electric field strength should be in the range from a value that results in a change in cell membrane potential to that leading to permanent irreversible damage to cell membrane structure ( Tryfona & Bustard 2005). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the unique properties of their nano-size, high aspect ratio, strong mechanical strength and electric conductivity; therefore CNTs have attracted much attention in the field of not only electronics but also biomedical sciences (Baughman et al 2002;Harrison & Atala 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-specific gene transfer with high efficiency onto a carbon nanotube-loaded electrode

Inoue

Fujimoto

Ogino

et al. 2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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A transfection array, which is specifically developed for use in high-throughput analyses of genome functions by the over-expression or suppression of genes on a chip, is expected to become an important method for post-genome research. High efficiency of gene expression or suppression is indispensable for high-throughput analyses because the adherent cell number on a single spot decreases as the density of spots increases in the transfection array. We have studied an electro-stimulated pore formation on the cell membrane for gene delivery. Fine pores should be formed on the cell membrane to increase the efficiency of gene transfection without cell damage. Herein, we examined the electrode carrying chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface. The CNTs were loaded on a gold electrode with a self-assembled monolayer membrane by electrostatic interaction. Adsorbed plasmid DNA was transfected with higher efficiency into adherent cells on the CNT-loaded electrode than on an electrode without CNTs. This result may be due to the strong but fine field emission formed from the tips of the CNTs.

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Enhancement of biomolecule transport by electroporation: A review of theory and practical application to transformation of Corynebacterium glutamicum

Cited by 44 publications

References 97 publications

Electroporation in Biological Cell and Tissue: An Overview

Electroporation in Biological Cell and Tissue: An Overview

An electroporation microchip system for the transfection of zebrafish embryos using quantum dots and GFP genes for evaluation

Site-specific gene transfer with high efficiency onto a carbon nanotube-loaded electrode

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