Enhancement of ammonia combustion with partial fuel cracking strategy: Laminar flame propagation and kinetic modeling investigation of NH3/H2/N2/air mixtures up to 10 atm

Mei, Bowen; Zhang, Jianguo; Shi, Xiaoxiang; Xi, Zhongya; Li, Yuyang

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111472

Cited by 182 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This trend was also observed in the numerical results, most of which agreed with the experimental results. In particular, the numerical results based on the reaction mechanism by Mei et al 26 agreed well with the experimental results for all of the investigated pressure conditions. As described in the following sections, a detailed discussion of the effects of water vapor dilution on ammonia flame characteristics was performed on the basis of the numerical results obtained using the reaction mechanism developed by Mei et al 26 because of its good agreement with the experimental results.…”

Section: Experimental and Numerical Results For Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following results were obtained: (1) Water vapor dilution reduces the fuel (ammonia) concentration and flame temperature, leading to a decrease in the unstretched laminar burning velocity. Irrespective of the initial mixer pressure, the numerical results obtained on the basis of the reaction mechanism proposed by Mei et al . most closely match the experimental results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To elucidate the effects of water vapor dilution on the ammonia flames, one-dimensional numerical simulations were carried out using the Chemkin-Pro software. 22 The reaction mechanisms developed recently by Okafor et al, 13 Otomo et al, 23 Han et al, 24 Mei et al, 25,26 Gotama et al, 14 and Stagni et al 27 were used to predict the laminar burning velocity by numerical calculation.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of Water Vapor Dilution on the Laminar Burning Velocity and Markstein Length of Ammonia/Water Vapor/Air Premixed Laminar Flames

et al. 2022

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Since the Industrial Revolution, large amounts of ammonia have been synthesized by the Haber–Bosch process and used as fertilizer and chemical materials. Nitrogen fixation by industrial processes has contributed to the development of human society. However, a serious concern about the nitrogen cycle has been pointed out from the viewpoint of the planetary boundary. The planetary boundary quantifies the allowable limit to maintain a sustainable environment. This nitrogen cycle, which includes the limit of the biogeochemical flow boundary, was suggested to exceed the limits and to pose a serious environmental pollution issue. Therefore, a nitrogen cycle in which nitrogen compounds are collected from the environment and released into the atmosphere has recently been proposed. In this cycle, ammonia–water needs to be processed appropriately. In addition to the standpoint of the planetary boundary, ammonia–water is focused as a fuel that is able to be handled more safely. To design combustion systems that use ammonia–water, its fundamental combustion characteristics need to be elucidated. The objective of the present study is to clarify the effects of water vapor dilution on the laminar flame characteristics of ammonia/water vapor/air premixed flames. A propagating flame in a constant-volume chamber was observed to determine the laminar burning velocity and Markstein length for ammonia/water vapor/air premixed flames for various water vapor dilution ratios. The laminar burning velocity decreased and the Markstein length increased with an increasing water vapor dilution ratio. The effects of water vapor dilution on the laminar burning velocity for ammonia flames were also investigated by numerical calculations. The numerical results show that the decrease in the temperature is the dominant factor of the decrease in the laminar burning velocity with an increase in the water vapor dilution ratio. This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of water vapor dilution on the laminar flame characteristics of ammonia flames up to elevated pressure conditions.

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Section: Experimental and Numerical Results For Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of Water Vapor Dilution on the Laminar Burning Velocity and Markstein Length of Ammonia/Water Vapor/Air Premixed Laminar Flames

et al. 2022

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“…What's more, in contrast to co-firing hydrogen, using partially cracked ammonia is more economical and easier to implement (Yang et al, 2019). However, the deep insight into the combustion characteristics of NH 3 /H 2 /N 2 mixtures are limited (Mei et al, 2021;Wiseman et al, 2021). Very recently, Mei et al experimentally investigated the laminar burning velocities of partially cracked NH 3 /air mixtures in a high-pressure constant volume cylindrical combustion vessel at the initial pressure of 1-10 atm, the equivalence ratios from 0.7 to 1.4 and the initial temperature of 298 K (Mei et al, 2021).…”

Section: Frontiers In Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the deep insight into the combustion characteristics of NH 3 /H 2 /N 2 mixtures are limited (Mei et al, 2021;Wiseman et al, 2021). Very recently, Mei et al experimentally investigated the laminar burning velocities of partially cracked NH 3 /air mixtures in a high-pressure constant volume cylindrical combustion vessel at the initial pressure of 1-10 atm, the equivalence ratios from 0.7 to 1.4 and the initial temperature of 298 K (Mei et al, 2021). Results showed that the laminar flame speed of NH 3 /H 2 /N 2 /air mixtures increased with an increase of the cracking ratio due to the increase of H 2 concentration.…”

Section: Frontiers In Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

Lai

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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A comprehensive review of combustion characteristics of ammonia (NH3) as a carbon free fuel is presented. NH3 is an attractive alternative fuel candidate to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel and the emission of CO2, soot, and hydrocarbon pollutants, due to its comparable combustion properties, productivities from renewable sources, and storage and transportation by current commercial infrastructure. However, the combustion properties of NH3 are quite different from conventional hydrocarbon fuels, which highlight the specific difficulties during the application of NH3. Therefore, this paper presents comparative experimental and numerical studies of the application of NH3 as a fuel during combustion process, including the combustion properties of laminar burning velocity, flame structures, pollutant emissions for the application of NH3 as a carbon free fuel. This paper presents the burning velocity and pollutant emissions of NH3 alone and mixtures with other fuels to improve the combustion properties. The aim of this paper is to review and describe the suitability of NH3 as a fuel, including the combustion and emission characteristics of NH3 during its combustion process.

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Comparison of chemical mechanisms for the oxidation of hydrogen/ammonia mixtures based on different evaluation methods

Yuan,

Yang,

Deng

et al. 2024

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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For net‐zero carbon emissions, hydrogen/ammonia blends have drawn considerable attention for the application in industrial combustion devices. Various chemical mechanisms have been developed to describe the oxidation and combustion of hydrogen/ammonia mixtures at certain conditions. A comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the performance of these mechanisms is thus of high interest, especially in terms of their application for particular computational studies. Thus, this work aims to compare the existing chemical mechanisms in terms of their performance for the combustion of hydrogen/ammonia mixtures over a wide range of experimental conditions. In addition to previous literature studies, the model performance is evaluated by using two different methods for the assessment of prediction accuracy. Besides the conventional measure of point‐wise differences between model and data, the curve‐matching method is also applied, which quantifies the dependence of model response on physical conditions additionally, by comparing the similarity between the curve shapes of the predicted and measured results. Extensive experimental data are taken into account in the model evaluation, including 136 datasets obtained from various facilities in the past 10 years. Nineteen mechanisms are compared, which were published in recent five years. It is revealed that these models give strongly different numerical results for combustion targets, such as laminar burning velocities, ignition delay times, and species concentrations. The chemical mechanisms of Zhang et al. (2021), Han et al. (2023), Mei et al. (2019), Li et al. (2019), and Stagni et al. (2020) show relatively satisfactory performance over the entire investigated domain. Moreover, it is found that the estimated prediction accuracy of chemical mechanisms is highly sensitive to model evaluation methods.

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Enhancement of ammonia combustion with partial fuel cracking strategy: Laminar flame propagation and kinetic modeling investigation of NH3/H2/N2/air mixtures up to 10 atm

Cited by 182 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of Water Vapor Dilution on the Laminar Burning Velocity and Markstein Length of Ammonia/Water Vapor/Air Premixed Laminar Flames

Effects of Water Vapor Dilution on the Laminar Burning Velocity and Markstein Length of Ammonia/Water Vapor/Air Premixed Laminar Flames

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

Comparison of chemical mechanisms for the oxidation of hydrogen/ammonia mixtures based on different evaluation methods

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