Enhancement Effect of Spirulina platensis Extract on Broiler Chicks’ Growth Performance and Immunity

Effects of microalgae, with or without xylanase supplementation, on serum immunoglobulins, cecal short-chain fatty acids, microbial diversity, and metabolic pathways of broiler chickens

“… Zeng et al (2016) reported that microbiota in the gut induces the IgG response and helps to neutralize the antigens and prevent several infections, including E. coli and Salmonella infection. Microalgae, when added to a diet, improves immunity by increasing immunoglobulin concentration and phagocytic activity in the blood, as reported by Elshabrawy et al (2022) , but this study did not find any improvement in the immunity due to microalgae addition. However, a study by Khalilnia et al (2023) reported that the broilers supplemented with a dose of 0.2 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg of S. platensis powder showed no significant differences in the immunoglobulin concentration, which was a similar finding to this study.…”

Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic and Spirulina platensis microalgae powder on growth performance immune response, carcass characteristics, gastrointestinal microflora and meat quality in broilers chick

“…This study highlights that inclusion of microalgae, probiotics (derived from local strains) and their combination to broiler diets showed an improvement of productive parameters and resulted in a significant increase in the feed consumption and weight gain; however, no significant difference was obtained in the feed conversion ratio, though, compared to control treatments, the calculated FCR was numerically improved or at least was similar. S. platensis is rich in nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, zeaxanthin, vitamins and iron phycocyanin, carotenoid and protein, which can justify the reported feed intake and growth performance improvement (Ahmed et al., 2022 ; El‐Hady et al., 2022 ). In addition, development of favourable bacteria, probiotics reduce the breakdown of protein into nitrogen and optimal use of amino acids by preventing colibacilli and inhibiting enterotoxins in the digestive system (Ahmat et al., 2021 ).…”

“…Based on result in another study (Fathi et al., 2017 ), S. platensis has a direct effect on broiler's growth and lymphatic tissues stimulation. It has been reported that inclusion of Spirulina platensis microalgae in broiler diet can be result in immune positive response via increasing the serum level of Ig M , Ig G , phagocytic activity, and phagocytic index (Ahmed et al., 2022 ). On the other hand, probiotics may improve immune system via three mechanisms: (1) increasing the production of immunoglobulins M, G and interferons; (2) increasing the production of local antibodies in the mucous surfaces of the body, such as the intestinal wall, which are usually of the IgA type; and (3) the increase in the activity of macrophages, which is manifested through the increase in the phagocytosis of microorganisms (Jing et al., 2017 ).…”