Enhanced synaptic plasticity in newly generated granule cells of the adult hippocampus

Schmidt-Hieber, Christoph; Jónás, Péter; Bischofberger, Josef

doi:10.1515/nf-2004-0305

Cited by 183 publications

(271 citation statements)

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“…This enhanced excitability may be important for young neurons, because only a few excitatory contacts have been formed early in their incorporation process. More significantly, newborn immature granule cells at 1 to 3 weeks after birth exhibit a lower threshold for LTP induction than mature neurons [73,74]. Recent studies have further demonstrated that a critical period exists up to 6 weeks after birth, when newborn neurons exhibit significantly greater LTP and a lower threshold for induction than those of new neurons after maturation (S. Ge, H. Song, unpublished data, 2006).…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Contribution Of Adult Nementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to their morphologic changes, single cell-recording studies have revealed that newly formed neurons have electrophysiological properties that are distinct from those of mature neurons but resemble immature neurons formed during embryonic development [73,74]. At 1 to 3 weeks after mitosis, these cells showed a higher input resistance, a markedly lower threshold for triggering action potentials, and a much slower membrane time constant that favored action potential generation with extremely small current stimuli [73]. This enhanced excitability may be important for young neurons, because only a few excitatory contacts have been formed early in their incorporation process.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Contribution Of Adult Nementioning

confidence: 99%

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Adult Neurogenesis and Hippocampal Memory Function: New Cells, More Plasticity, New Memories?

Kitabatake

Sailor

Ming

et al. 2007

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America

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Memory consists of several separate entities that depend on various brain systems [1]. Clinical and behavioral evidence suggests that the hippocampus and the surrounding anatomically associated regions serve a critical role in learning and memory [2]. In the 1960s, the outlines of the essential neural substrates of memory were gradually elucidated based on analyzing the effects of therapeutic surgical lesions of the bilateral medial temporal lobes to suppress uncontrollable epilepsy in a patient [3]. Although the operation was effective in controlling the patient's epilepsy, one unexpected consequence was that he became profoundly amnesic while retaining his intelligence and perceptual and motor functions. Similar cases were also seen in other patients with damage to the hippocampal formation and surrounding medial temporal lobe structures [4]. These individuals had severe amnesia for episodic events, although other forms of learning and memory-semantic, perceptual, procedural, and simple forms of conditioning-were spared. It is now believed that the hippocampal formation has a central role in declarative memory, the ability to recollect everyday facts and events consciously [5]. The unique anatomy, electrophysiologic characteristics, and key roles in memory formation have made the hippocampus an attractive target of research for neuroscientists.For decades, it was believed that neurogenesis only occurred during embryonic stages in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), making the brain one of the few mammalian organs incapable of replenishing its functional cell population throughout life [6]. In the 1960s, seminal studies by Altman and Das [7][8][9] provided the first evidence that new neurons were generated in the postnatal mammalian brain. In 1992, Reynolds and Weiss [10] isolated multipotent neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) from the adult rodent brain and characterized them in vitro. Studies in the 1990s confirmed that, contrary to long-held dogma, NSCs reside in the adult CNS and active neurogenesis occurs in discrete regions of the adult brain across various mammalian species, including mice, rats, monkeys, and humans [11][12][13][14]. Only recently has it been recognized that adult neurogenesis replicates the complex process of neuronal development to generate functionally integrated new neurons ( Fig. 1) [15][16][17]. A role for these postnatally generated cells in learning was first suggested by Altman and Das in the 1960s [7-9,18]. Later, Nottebohm [19] directly tested the role of * Corresponding author: shongju1@jhmi.edu (H. Song). HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript adult-generated neurons in song learning in birds. Subsequent work in rodents has led to the idea that adult neurogenesis is important for learning and memory of spatial information.The discovery of adult neurogenesis has generated significant interest, especially in regard to the hippocampus, not only for neuroscientists but for physicians who are engaged in treating various ...

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Contribution Of Adult Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Contribution Of Adult Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Neurogenesis and Hippocampal Memory Function: New Cells, More Plasticity, New Memories?

Kitabatake

Sailor

Ming

et al. 2007

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America

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“…This is in accordance with the observation that NeuN is expressed preferentially in areas of low chromatin density (Lind et al, 2005), indicating a higher cell activity in large granule cells. Thus, large granule cells may be also functionally related to adult born granule cells, as these cells have been shown to be more excitable than the resident granule cells (Schmidt-Hieber et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resident Granule Cells and Their Relation To Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphologically distinct granule cell type in the dentate gyrus of the red fox correlates with adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Amrein¹,

Slomianka²

2010

Brain Research

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A morphologically distinct granule cell type in the dentate gyrus of the red fox correlates with adult hippocampal neurogenesis Running titleThe dentate gyrus of the red fox Text pages 37Figures 7 Tables 3 Corresponding authorIrmgard In summary, we report a morphologically distinct granule cell type which correlates with adult 3 hippocampal neurogenesis in the fox. Furthermore, the maturation phase of the young neurons may be prolonged as in other long-living species such as primates. SECTIONNervous System Development, Regeneration and Aging

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“…Newborn neurons form a specific population of cells that may serve as a substrate for the formation of new memories. They are not yet involved in other memory traces, and they show extraordinary morphological (Hastings & Gould, 1999;Seki & Arai, 1991 and synaptic (Schmidt-Hieber, Jonas, & Bischofberger, 2004;Snyder, Kee, & Wojtowicz, 2001) plasticity. They could therefore play a specific role in the formation of memories.…”

Section: Exercise Promotes Hippocampal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise improves memory acquisition and retrieval in the Y-maze task: Relationship with hippocampal neurogenesis.

Borght¹,

Havekes²,

Bos³

et al. 2007

Behavioral Neuroscience

200

151

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Exercise improves memory acquisition and retrieval in the Y-maze task: Relationship with hippocampal neurogenesis van der Borght, K.; Havekes, Robbert; Bos, T.; Eggen, Bartholomeus; van der Zee, Eelke University of Groningen Enhanced physical activity is associated with improvements in cognitive function in rodents as well as in humans. The authors examined in detail which aspects of learning and memory are influenced by exercise, using a spatial Y-maze test combined with a 14-day exercise paradigm at different stages of learning. The authors show that 14 days of wheel running promotes memory acquisition, memory retention, and reversal learning. The exercise paradigm that was employed also significantly increased the number of maturing neurons, suggesting that an increase in neurogenesis underlies the positive effects of exercise on Y-maze performance. Finally, the authors show that memory acquisition in itself does not have a major impact on the number of immature neurons. However, memory retention testing and reversal learning both cause a significant reduction in the number of doublecortin and Ser133-phosphorylated pCREB-positive cells, indicating that a decrease in neurogenesis might be a prerequisite for optimal memory retrieval.

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Enhanced synaptic plasticity in newly generated granule cells of the adult hippocampus

Cited by 183 publications

References 0 publications

Adult Neurogenesis and Hippocampal Memory Function: New Cells, More Plasticity, New Memories?

Adult Neurogenesis and Hippocampal Memory Function: New Cells, More Plasticity, New Memories?

A morphologically distinct granule cell type in the dentate gyrus of the red fox correlates with adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Exercise improves memory acquisition and retrieval in the Y-maze task: Relationship with hippocampal neurogenesis.

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