“…The XPS spectrum of Cu 2p shown in Figure g has two coupled peaks located at 952.3/932.4 and 955.5/935.4 eV, which correspond to Cu 2p 1/2 and Cu 2p 3/2 of Cu + and Cu 2+ , respectively. , Quantitative results show that the contents of Fe 2+ and Cu + in total Fe and Cu species were as high as 56.66 and 51.74% (Table S1). The high contents of low-valence Fe 2+ and Cu + may be due to the reduction effect of thiol groups and further coordination interactions between sulfur and metal species, which are seen by the high-resolution spectrum of S 2p (Figure h). , In addition, the decrease in the zeta potential (Figure S5), as well as the disappearance/decrease of the thiol peak in the FTIR spectrum (Figure S6) and Raman spectrum (Figure S7) of Cu@Fe-FOMs, indicates the coordination reactions between thiols and Fe or Cu species. Moreover, the specific thiol contents of FOMs, Fe-FOMs, and Cu@Fe-FOMs determined by Ellman’s method were calculated to be 6.2, 2.8, and 1.2 mM, respectively, thus suggesting that the continuous consumption of thiols leads to coordination with metal species (Figure S8).…”