“…For the subsequent study, the low absorption can be enhanced by fabricating nanostructures which can exhibit light-trapping effects and enlarged surface area for better charge separation. Most recently, Chen et al demonstrated indium-tin-oxide/Fe 2 TiO 5 hybrid nanocone arrays which significantly improved photocurrent generation up to 31 times as compared to films deposited on planar substrates . The ITO nanocone platform enhanced the overall solar light absorption and the surface area leading to improved performance.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Most recently, Chen et al demonstrated indiumtin-oxide/Fe 2 TiO 5 hybrid nanocone arrays which significantly improved photocurrent generation up to 31 times as compared to films deposited on planar substrates. 55 The ITO nanocone platform enhanced the overall solar light absorption and the surface area leading to improved performance. Improvement in base Fe 2 TiO 5 photoanodes can yield even higher performance after further optimization.…”
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is an appealing technique to fabricate thin films with specific film orientation, stoichiometry, and morphology through tuning of experimental parameters. Here, we present Fe2TiO5, one of the promising photoanode materials, grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates through PLD. The structural and morphological properties of Fe 2 TiO 5 films, grown at room temperature and under varying oxygen pressure were studied. After deposition, all films were annealed in air at 650°C for 2 hours to complete phase crystallization. Films grown under vacuum (1.1 x 10 -6 mbar) were compact, dense, and had the anticipated stoichiometry, but lacked the long-range order expected for a crystalline phase in Xray diffraction. In contrast, using an oxygen pressure (p O 2 ) of around 9.7 x 10 -2 mbar during growth resulted in nanoporous, crystalline, and near-stoichiometric films of the orthorhombic Fe 2 TiO 5 pseudobrookite phase. These films demonstrated a photocurrent density of around 0.16 mA/cm 2 at 1.23 V vs RHE and a negative shift in onset potential by 150 mV under backside illumination as compared to the films grown under vacuum. Notably, these films exhibited a preferred (101) orientation of the pseudobrookite grains.This study proposes a viable strategy to fabricate pure phase and anisotropic Fe 2 TiO 5 photoanodes on FTO through PLD. This will pave a way to synthesis of other complex metal oxide photoelectrodes with precise control over critical properties like crystallinity, stoichiometry, and porosity that is imperative for their application in solar energy conversion.
“…For the subsequent study, the low absorption can be enhanced by fabricating nanostructures which can exhibit light-trapping effects and enlarged surface area for better charge separation. Most recently, Chen et al demonstrated indium-tin-oxide/Fe 2 TiO 5 hybrid nanocone arrays which significantly improved photocurrent generation up to 31 times as compared to films deposited on planar substrates . The ITO nanocone platform enhanced the overall solar light absorption and the surface area leading to improved performance.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Most recently, Chen et al demonstrated indiumtin-oxide/Fe 2 TiO 5 hybrid nanocone arrays which significantly improved photocurrent generation up to 31 times as compared to films deposited on planar substrates. 55 The ITO nanocone platform enhanced the overall solar light absorption and the surface area leading to improved performance. Improvement in base Fe 2 TiO 5 photoanodes can yield even higher performance after further optimization.…”
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is an appealing technique to fabricate thin films with specific film orientation, stoichiometry, and morphology through tuning of experimental parameters. Here, we present Fe2TiO5, one of the promising photoanode materials, grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates through PLD. The structural and morphological properties of Fe 2 TiO 5 films, grown at room temperature and under varying oxygen pressure were studied. After deposition, all films were annealed in air at 650°C for 2 hours to complete phase crystallization. Films grown under vacuum (1.1 x 10 -6 mbar) were compact, dense, and had the anticipated stoichiometry, but lacked the long-range order expected for a crystalline phase in Xray diffraction. In contrast, using an oxygen pressure (p O 2 ) of around 9.7 x 10 -2 mbar during growth resulted in nanoporous, crystalline, and near-stoichiometric films of the orthorhombic Fe 2 TiO 5 pseudobrookite phase. These films demonstrated a photocurrent density of around 0.16 mA/cm 2 at 1.23 V vs RHE and a negative shift in onset potential by 150 mV under backside illumination as compared to the films grown under vacuum. Notably, these films exhibited a preferred (101) orientation of the pseudobrookite grains.This study proposes a viable strategy to fabricate pure phase and anisotropic Fe 2 TiO 5 photoanodes on FTO through PLD. This will pave a way to synthesis of other complex metal oxide photoelectrodes with precise control over critical properties like crystallinity, stoichiometry, and porosity that is imperative for their application in solar energy conversion.
“…The Fe 2p spectrum contains Fe 2p 3/2 at 710.8 eV and Fe 2p 1/2 at 724.0 eV with two additional satellite peaks located at 718.3 eV and 733.2 eV, which belong to the Fe 3+ oxidation state [39] . The Ti 2p spectrum contains Ti 2p 3/2 at 458.4 eV and Ti 2p 1/2 at 464.0 eV indexed to the Ti 4+ oxidation state [40] . The O 1s spectrum is deconvoluted into three peaks at 529.6 eV, 531.9 eV and 533.0 eV, which are attributed to the lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancy and adsorbed oxygen (Figure 2f).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[39] The Ti 2p spectrum contains Ti 2p 3/2 at 458.4 eV and Ti 2p 1/2 at 464.0 eV indexed to the Ti 4 + oxidation state. [40] The O 1s spectrum is deconvoluted into three peaks at 529.6 eV, 531.9 eV and 533.0 eV, which are attributed to the lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancy and adsorbed oxygen (Fig- ure 2f). [41] XPS spectra of FTO-H show almost identical results (Figure S7b-d).…”
We propose the pseudobrookite Fe2TiO5 nanofiber with abundant oxygen vacancies as a new electrocatalyst to ambiently reduce nitrate to ammonia. Such catalyst achieves a large NH3 yield of 0.73 mmol h−1 mg−1cat. and a high Faradaic Efficiency (FE) of 87.6 % in phosphate buffer saline solution with 0.1 M NaNO3, which is lifted to 1.36 mmol h−1 mg−1cat. and 96.06 % at −0.9 V vs. RHE for nitrite conversion to ammonia in 0.1 M NaNO2. It also shows excellent electrochemical durability and structural stability. Theoretical calculation reveals the enhanced conductivity of this catalyst and an extremely low free energy of −0.28 eV for nitrate adsorption at the presence of vacant oxygen.
“…Synthesized nanocomposites consisted of a visible light active component Fe 2 TiO 5 , Fe 3 O 4 , and α-Fe 2 O 3 in TFTO-800, TF-450, and TF-800, respectively. The theoretical band gap of spinel cubic Fe 3 O 4 is 0.14 eV, that of Fe 2 TiO 5 is around 2.25 eV, and that of α-Fe 2 O 3 is 2.1 eV, respectively. − Those visible-light active materials can promote the initial excitation of electrons from the CB to the VB. The band alignment of the individual component in the nanocomposite is very important for the photocatalytic activity.…”
High-purity (98.8%, TiO
2
) rutile nanoparticles
were
successfully synthesized using ilmenite sand as the initial titanium
source. This novel synthesis method was cost-effective and straightforward
due to the absence of the traditional gravity, magnetic, electrostatic
separation, ball milling, and smelting processes. Synthesized TiO
2
nanoparticles were 99% pure. Also, highly corrosive environmentally
hazardous acid leachate generated during the leaching process of ilmenite
sand was effectively converted into a highly efficient visible light
active photocatalyst. The prepared photocatalyst system consists of
anatase-TiO
2
/rutile-TiO
2
/Fe
2
O
3
(TF-800), rutile-TiO
2
/Fe
2
TiO
5
(TFTO-800), and anatase-TiO
2
/Fe
3
O
4
(TF-450) nanocomposites, respectively. The pseudo-second-order adsorption
rate of the TF-800 ternary nanocomposite was 0.126 g mg
–1
min
–1
in dark conditions, and a 0.044 min
–1
visible light initial photodegradation rate was exhibited.
The TFTO-800 binary nanocomposite adsorbed methylene blue (MB) following
pseudo-second-order adsorption (0.224 g mg
–1
min
–1
) in the dark, and the rate constant for photodegradation
of MB in visible light was 0.006 min
–1
. The prepared
TF-450 nanocomposite did not display excellent adsorptive and photocatalytic
performances throughout the experiment period. The synthesized TF-800
and TFTO-800 were able to degrade 93.1 and 49.8% of a 100 mL, 10 ppm
MB dye solution within 180 min, respectively.
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