Enhanced mucosal re-epithelialization induced by short chain fatty acids in experimental colitis

Abstract

The short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the best nutrients for the colonocytes. Glucose is poorly used as a fuel but may be transformed into SCFA by colonic bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SCFA or glucose on experimental colitis. Colitis was induced in 30 Wistar rats by colonic instillation of 4% acetic acid. Five days later they were randomized to receive twice a day colonic lavage containing saline (controls, N = 10), 10% hypertonic glucose (N = 10) or SCFA (N = 10) until day 8 when they were killed. At autopsy, the colon was removed and weighed and the mucosa was evaluated macro-and microscopically and stripped out for DNA assay. Data are reported as mean ± SD or median [range] as appropriate. All animals lost weight but there was no difference between groups. Colon weight was significantly lower in the SCFA group (3.8 ± 0.5 g) than in the control (5.3 ± 2.1 g) and glucose (5.2 ± 1.3 g) groups (P<0.05). Macroscopically, the severity of inflammation was less in SCFA (grade 2 [1-5]) than in control (grade 9 [4-10]) and glucose-treated (grade 9 [2-10]) animals (P<0.01). Microscopically, ulceration of the mucosa was more severe in the glucose and control groups than in the SCFA group. The DNA content of the mucosa of SCFA-treated animals (8.2 [5.0-20.2] mg/g of tissue) was higher than in glucosetreated (5.1 [4.2-8.5] mg/g of tissue; P<0.01) and control (6.2 [4.5-8.9] mg/g of tissue; P<0.05) animals. We conclude that SCFA may enhance mucosal re-epithelialization in experimental colitis, whereas hypertonic glucose is of no benefit. Correspondence

Comparative Protective Effect of Hawthorn Berry Hydroalcoholic Extract, Atorvastatin, and Mesalamine on Experimentally Induced Colitis in Rats

“…24,25 Therefore, in the current study, we also used AA (4%) for experimental colitis induction. Our preliminary evaluation, including clinical symptoms, such as diarrhea (in some cases bloody) and body weight loss, confirmed that colitis was induced in the animals.…”

Efeitos do butirato nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica em células da mucosa cólica sem trânsito fecal: estudo experimental em ratos

“…A irrigação intestinal com butirato e propionato de sódio diminuiu o processo inflamatório e favoreceu a epitelização da mucosa cólica, em ratos com colite induzida por ácido acético, quando comparado a aplicação de clisteres com soluções ricas em glicose ou solução salina 10,26 . De modo contrário, a exposição da mucosa cólica a substâncias oxidantes, tais como o H 2 O 2 , por aumentar a peroxidação dos fosfolipídeos das membranas celulares, aumenta o processo inflamatório local 27 .…”

Effects of budesonide and probiotics enemas on the colonic mucosa of rats with experimental colitis

“…This result suggested that a week was too short a time for the morphological study aiming to compare the reepithelialization of the mucosa after the acid damage. However, as we had found morphological differences in a previous study following the same model 18 and then, we opted for the same time point of observation aiming to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the different treatments on the mucosa. The DNA content in the probiotic-budesonide group was greater when compared to the control group with colitis.…”

“…This result implies that the association of a powerful steroidal anti-inflammatory agent wtih probiotic bacteria may be beneficial. The probiotics produced short chain fatty acids which are powerful trophic agents of the mucosal epithelium 18 . Other mechanisms by which probiotic bacteria might improve colitis include direct effects on local bacteria and stimulation of protective immune responses.…”