Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Flexor Tendons in Response to Intratendinous Injection of Adipose Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction

Behfar, Mehdi; Sarrafzadeh‐Rezaei, Farshid; Hobbenaghi, Rahim; Delirezh, Nowruz; Dalir‐Naghadeh, Bahram

doi:10.2174/157488812799859874

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…One horse receiving AdMSC and at University of British Columbia on October 28, 2012 www.journalofanimalscience.org Downloaded from 14 platelet rich plasma could not return to work due to chronic tendonitis. In a rabbit deep digital flexor tendon injury model, intratendinous injection of allogeneic adipose stromal vascular fraction cells improved yield loads as well as energy absorption compared with controls, indicating improved tendon function (Behfar et al, 2012).…”

Section: Stem Cells In Tendon Injurymentioning

confidence: 92%

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Stem cell therapy in equine tendon injury1

Reed

Leahy

2013

Journal of Animal Science

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Tendon injuries affect all levels of athletic horses and represent a significant loss to the equine industry. Accumulation of microdamage within the tendon architecture leads to formation of core lesions. Traditional approaches to tendon repair are based on an initial period of rest to limit the inflammatory process followed by a controlled reloading program designed to promote the maturation and linear arrangement of scar tissue within the lesion. However, these treatment protocols are inefficient, resulting in prolonged recovery periods and frequent recurrence. Current alternative therapies include the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and a population of nucleated cells from adipose containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC). Umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells (UCB) have recently received attention for their increased plasticity in vitro and potential as a therapeutic aid. Both BMSC and AdMSC require expansion in culture before implantation to obtain a pure stem cell population, limiting the time frame for implantation. Collected at parturition, UCB can be cryopreserved for future use. Furthermore, the low immunogenicity of the UCB population allows for allogeneic implantation. Current research indicates that BMSC, AdMSC, and UCB can differentiate into tenocyte-like cells in vitro, increasing expression of scleraxis, tenascin c, and extracellular matrix proteins. When implanted, BMSC and AdMSC engraft into the tendon and improve tendon architecture. However, treatment with these stem cells does not decrease recovery period. Furthermore, the resulting regeneration is not optimal, as the resulting tissue is still inferior to native tendon. Umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells may provide an alternate source of stem cells that promote improved regeneration of tendon tissue. A more naïve cell population, these cells may have a greater rate of engraftment as well as an increased ability to secrete bioactive factors and recruit additional reparative cells. Further work should clarify the role of distinct stem cell sources in the regenerating tendon and the need for a naïve or differentiated cell type for implantation.

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Section: Stem Cells In Tendon Injurymentioning

confidence: 92%

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Stem cell therapy in equine tendon injury1

Reed

Leahy

2013

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Large varieties of stem cells have been differentiated and tested both in vitro and in vivo [32]. The most well-known stem cells are the mesenchymal types which are differentiated from bone marrow, adipose tissue and blood [120][121][122][123]. The bone marrow types have been extensively used in clinical practice but its efficacy is not well described both in clinical trials and animal studies [32,[120][121][122][123].…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a fact that without cells there is no healing response [1]. Endogenous healing cells migrate, proliferate, differentiate and produce matrix during healing process, but the role of exogenous stem cells is in doubt [120][121][122][123][124][125][126]. It has been suggested that the effectiveness of stem cells is related to their differentiation state [32].…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no well approved and comprehensive study to answer this question [12]. The results of various investigations are also contraindicated [120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127]. Some studies suggested the effectiveness of various stem cell types including differentiated and undifferentiated ones while others suggest no effectiveness [126][127][128].…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering, Healing and Regenerative Medicine

Moshiri¹,

Oryan²

2013

J Sports Med Doping Stud 2013

102

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Tendons transmit forces from muscle to bone and provide the joint function and ligaments transmit forces from bone to bone and provide joint stability. Tendon and ligament injuries have high incidence and management of tendon and ligament injuries is technically demanding because the healing response of these soft connective tissues is low. In addition, number of the available options to be considered as tissue replacement for large defects is low and healing of tendon and ligaments is faced to significant limitations. Among the available options, autografts are still gold standard but all the auto-allo and xenografts have their own limitations. Tissue engineering is a newer option but it is still primitive to be applicable extensively, in clinical setting. Tissue engineering could be divided into four categories including scaffolds, healing promotive factors, stem cells and gene therapy. To be able to have a good judgment regarding the management of tendon and ligament injuries, it is crucial to have a basic knowledge of tendon and ligament healing and regeneration. In this review, we discussed various types of tendon and ligament injuries and their incidence, and introduced the available and future options in managing large and massive tendon and ligament injuries. We specifically discussed the tissue engineering and it's advantageous and disadvantageous. To give a better clarification for the readers, we described different phases and cascades of tendon and ligament healing, modeling and remodeling, host-graft interaction after implantation of the graft and various types of prosthetic implants and finally provided some suggestions for the future investigations.

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“…Esta metodología se está usando desde ya un tiempo en forma clínica en equinos, pero sin ninguna evidencia científico-clínica, ya que las publicaciones encontradas solo mencionan su uso a nivel experimental en modelo tendón de conejos (Behfar et al, 2011;Behfar et al, 2012).…”

Section: Diferenciación a Diferentes Linajes Celularesunclassified

Terapia regenerativa en tendones y células madres en medicina equina

Beato

2014

Avances en Ciencias Veterinarias

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ResumenSe ha realizado extensa investigación clínica con células madre en el equino, siendo una fuente de estudios vanguardistas en medicina veterinaria, así como un modelo animal excepcional. Esto ha ayudado a obtener una amplia perspectiva sobre las aplicaciones de estas técnicas en medicina humana. Aunque la mejora perceptible se han obtenido en el frente clínica, la caracterización in vitro de las células madre de equino se encuentra todavía en una etapa temprana. Para explicar los resultados favorables de la terapia de células madre clínica en el caballo, los avances se deben enfocar en la caracterización de las células madre equinas. Las lesiones tendinosas afectan frecuentemente a los caballos deportivos y representan una pérdida significativa para la industria equina. La acumulación de micro-daños dentro de la arquitectura del tendón conduce a la formación de las lesiones centrales. Los antecedentes sobre por qué estos tratamientos han sido incentivados, los datos de su uso experimental y los resultados del actual uso clínico en los caballos tratados con células madre, se presentan junto con los retos de futuro de la terapia con células madre para la comunidad veterinaria.Palabras clave: células madre, medicina equina, regeneración, tendón, adiposo, medula ósea 1. Introducción 1.1. Células madre y medicina equina Las células madre son células que se encuentran en el cuerpo humano y que tienen un carácter indiferenciado o "en blanco". Ellas tienen el potencial de convertirse en muchos tipos diferentes de células llevando a cabo diferentes funciones celulares.La mayoría de las células en el cuerpo humano son diferenciadas. Eso significa que son parte de un tejido especializado que forma un órgano en particular, llevando a cabo una o varias funciones específicas. Un glóbulo rojo, por ejemplo, transporta el oxígeno, mientras que un glóbulo blanco luchar contra las enfermedades, siendo ambas parte integral del tejido llamado sangre. Estas células diferenciadas resultan del proceso de división celular de grupos de células madre totipotenciales no diferenciadas en el tiempo embrionario.Hay dos amplias categorías de células madre dependiendo en la etapa de desarrollo de la que fueron obtenido: las células madre embrionarias (ESC) y adultas (Fortier, 2005). En contraste con ESC totipotentes, las ESC pluripotentes sólo diferencian en las tres capas germinales somáticas (meso, endo y ectodermo) ya que provienen de la masa celular interna del blastocisto (Ulloa-Montoya et al., 2005).Las células madre adultas en cambio se aíslan a partir de diversos tejidos adultos y se consideran multipotentes, ya que sólo pueden diferenciarse en tipos de células específicas de órganos de la capa germinal de donde fueron obtenidas (Lakshmipathy and Verfaillie, 2005).

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Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Flexor Tendons in Response to Intratendinous Injection of Adipose Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Stem cell therapy in equine tendon injury1

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Stem cell therapy in equine tendon injury1

Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering, Healing and Regenerative Medicine

Terapia regenerativa en tendones y células madres en medicina equina

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