Enhanced maturation of hydroxyapatite from aqueous solutions using microwave irradiation

Stimulated in vitro bone-like apatite formation by a novel laser processing technique

“…A disadvantage of the method is the long time required to produce calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings. Therefore, a new trend of applying external energy to stimulate the HA formation in vitro has evolved: ultrasound and electrical field, ultraviolet and microwave irradiation have been used with this purpose [5][6][7]. Fang et al [5] applied ultrasound to accelerate the formation of HA in aqueous solutions at low temperature and managed to reduce the time for the HA formation from hours to minutes.…”

“…Another research group [6] reported the formation of bio-resembling apatite crystals from SBF on TiO 2 under illumination with ultraviolet light and following soaking of the samples for 10 days in the SBF. There is also a tendency of using microwave energy for acceleration of specific chemical reactions [7]; under the microwave influence, precipitation of HA from aqueous medium was obtained within an hour. Recently, a novel method involving laser-liquid-solid interaction (LLSI) for the facilitated synthesis of HA by using a laser irradiation of materials simultaneously immersed in the supersaturated SBF has been proposed [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Corrosion behavior of polypyrrole/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite thin films electropolymerized on NiTi substrates in simulated body fluid

“…Surface morphology of the coatings, were investigated by SEM (Philips XL30). There are four categories for HAp structures [14]. The peaks at (211), (112), and (202), are in accordance with HAp, category 3.…”

High Microwave Susceptibility of NaH2PO4·2H2O: Rapid Synthesis of Crystalline and Glassy Phosphates with NASICON-Type Chemistry

“…We suggest that it is due to an enhanced barrier to rotation of H O molecules in disodium salt compared to dihydrogen salt. Such barrier-increasing effects are known in solution chemistry where effect of ionic substitutions on rotational barriers have been studied (25). The increase in barrier height can be visualized to be caused by the substitution of the H> ion in H-bonded structure by a Na> ion which leads to a geometrically tight-packed structure.…”