Enhanced inflammatory and T-helper-1 type responses but suppressed lymphocyte proliferation in patients with seasonal affective disorder and treated by light therapy

Song, Cai; Luchtman, Dirk; Kang, Zhijian; Tam, Edwin M.; Yatham, Lakshmi N.; Su, Kuan‐Pin; Lam, Raymond W.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.003

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Finally, a recent paper focused on a possible relationship between the immune system and SAD. Song et al46 found that SAD patients have enhanced inflammatory responses in winter in their depressed state compared to healthy controls. Light therapy improved mood and normalized their immune function.…”

Section: Working Mechanism and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal affective disorder, winter type: current insights and treatment options

Meesters¹,

Gordijn²

2016

PRBM

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Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), winter type, is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes most commonly occurring in autumn or winter and remitting in spring/summer. The syndrome has been well-known for more than three decades, with light treatment being the treatment of first choice. In this paper, an overview is presented of the present insights in SAD. Description of the syndrome, etiology, and treatment options are mentioned. Apart from light treatment, medication and psychotherapy are other treatment options. The predictable, repetitive nature of the syndrome makes it possible to discuss preventive treatment options. Furthermore, critical views on the concept of SAD as a distinct diagnosis are discussed.

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Section: Working Mechanism and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal affective disorder, winter type: current insights and treatment options

Meesters¹,

Gordijn²

2016

PRBM

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“…Such photic treatments have previously been used for the treatments of sleep disorders, in which exposure to bright light has been found to reset the phase of misaligned circadian rhythms when administered shortly before awakening or shortly before sleeping. 94 In a study by Song et al, 95 patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a condition primary associated with photoperiod-induced circadian phase shifts in important immunomodulatory mediators, had significantly enhanced Th1-type inflammatory responses in winter months. Bright light therapy during the course of 4 wk was found to normalize the inflammatory response in these patients with SAD by decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ; suppressing macrophage activity; increasing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in mitogen-stimulated blood; and reversing the reduced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production found in these patients.…”

Section: Circadian Clock Integrates Environmental and Metabolic Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bright light therapy during the course of 4 wk was found to normalize the inflammatory response in these patients with SAD by decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ; suppressing macrophage activity; increasing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in mitogen-stimulated blood; and reversing the reduced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production found in these patients. 95 …”

Section: Circadian Clock Integrates Environmental and Metabolic Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Circadian Realignment in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rao

Pierre

Schlesinger

et al. 2016

Crit Rev Biomed Eng

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In this short review, we discuss evidence supporting the modulation of peripheral circadian systems as a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We first review the role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, two of the primary mediators of chronic inflammation in RA, and their regulation by circadian clock machinery. We further highlight the role of environmental and metabolic signals in regulating the central and peripheral circadian clocks, with an emphasis on seasonal variations in photoperiod and rhythmic metabolic input, respectively. Finally, we hypothesize that the entrainment and realignment of peripheral clock rhythms have the ability to modulate these mediators, improving clinical outcomes in RA patients. Our discussion emphasizes the use of light therapy and time-restricted feeding for entraining peripheral clocks either via the entrainment of the central circadian clock in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) or directly by uncoupling the peripheral circadian clocks from SCN. In doing so, we highlight the use of nonpharmacologic interventions as a potential strategy for improving clinical outcomes in chronic inflammatory conditions such as RA.

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“…However, even if subsequent light therapy improved depressive symptoms in SAD patients, IL-6 concentrations were not significantly altered [54]. Another study used separation of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the whole blood, unstimulated and stimulated with mitogens, and demonstrated an overall immune activation in SAD patients in the winter, partially normalized after light therapy [55]. Specifically, macrophage activity (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of blood neopterin levels in the Old Order Amish

et al. 2017

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AbstractSeasonal changes in non-human animals and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in humans are associated with immune activation in winter relative to summer. We intended to measure seasonal variation in neopterin, a marker of cellular immunity, and its interactions with gender and seasonality of mood. We studied 320 Amish from Lancaster, PA, USA (men=128; 40%) with an average age [Standard deviation (SD)] of 56.7 (13.9) years. Blood neopterin level was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seasonality was measured with Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). Statistical analysis included analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) and multivariate linear regression. We also investigated interactions of seasonal differences in neopterin with gender, seasonality scores and estimation of SAD diagnosis. We found a significantly higher neopterin level in winter than in summer (p=0.006). There were no significant gender or seasonality interactions. Our study confirmed the hypothesized higher neopterin level in winter. A cross sectional design was our major limitation. If this finding will be replicated by longitudinal studies in multiple groups, neopterin could be used to monitor immune status across seasons in demographically diverse samples, even if heterogeneous in gender distribution, and degree of seasonality of mood.

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Enhanced inflammatory and T-helper-1 type responses but suppressed lymphocyte proliferation in patients with seasonal affective disorder and treated by light therapy

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Seasonal affective disorder, winter type: current insights and treatment options

Seasonal affective disorder, winter type: current insights and treatment options

The Potential of Circadian Realignment in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Seasonality of blood neopterin levels in the Old Order Amish

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