2017
DOI: 10.1515/pterid-2017-0020
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Seasonality of blood neopterin levels in the Old Order Amish

Abstract: AbstractSeasonal changes in non-human animals and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in humans are associated with immune activation in winter relative to summer. We intended to measure seasonal variation in neopterin, a marker of cellular immunity, and its interactions with gender and seasonality of mood. We studied 320 Amish from Lancaster, PA, USA (men=128; 40%) with an average age [Standard deviation (SD)] of 56.7 (13.9) years. Blood neopterin level was measured with enzyme-… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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References 141 publications
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“…Interestingly, it has been speculated that oocysts may become airborne, after being stirred-up in the dust, and can be subsequently inhaled and swallowed (after entering the pharynx via mucociliary transport) [59], or may contaminate food, water, or hands, leading to T. gondii infection [60]. Moreover, seasonal changes in farming conditions, including airborne dust containing T. gondii oocysts could also contribute to the seasonal changes in blood neopterin levels in the OOA, as reported previously by our group [61]. A preliminary investigation was undertaken to determine whether the airborne route of transmission of oocysts could be detected using pig and mouse bioassays, coupled with PCR detection of airborne oocysts captured on air filters or household swabs of settled dust.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 69%
“…Interestingly, it has been speculated that oocysts may become airborne, after being stirred-up in the dust, and can be subsequently inhaled and swallowed (after entering the pharynx via mucociliary transport) [59], or may contaminate food, water, or hands, leading to T. gondii infection [60]. Moreover, seasonal changes in farming conditions, including airborne dust containing T. gondii oocysts could also contribute to the seasonal changes in blood neopterin levels in the OOA, as reported previously by our group [61]. A preliminary investigation was undertaken to determine whether the airborne route of transmission of oocysts could be detected using pig and mouse bioassays, coupled with PCR detection of airborne oocysts captured on air filters or household swabs of settled dust.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 69%
“…Similarly, neopterin levels of humans and chimpanzees were higher in potentially fertile and pregnant females compared to lactating and cycling ones corresponding to hormonal fluctuation modulating immune function and to an increase in disease susceptibility in estrous and pregnant females (Boyunag ˘a et al, 2005;Negrey et al, 2021). Increased uNeo levels were also found in response to low ambient temperatures (humans: Mohyuddin et al, 2017;chimpanzees: Lo ¨hrich et al, 2018), and increased malaria transmission rates in humans (Picot et al, 1993; also see Altizer et al, 2006). In humans, seasonal fluctuations of neopterin levels have been related to a variety of factors, including variations of the microbial environment (Picot et al, 1993), compromised immune functions (Nelson, 2004), and even the presence of allergens that induce a shift to a humoral immune response (Ledochowski et al, 2001;Pinto et al, 2007).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%