Enhanced fibronectin adsorption on carbon nanotube/poly(carbonate) urethane: Independent role of surface nano-roughness and associated surface energy

Analysis of Titania Nanosheet Adsorption Behavior Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor

“…Fibronectin plays a crucial role in the progressive differentiation of osteoblasts [24]. Additionally, fibronectin has RGD sequences and is a large extracellular matrix dimer glycoprotein [25] with a molecular weight of approximately 440 kDa [26]. Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein; it suppresses the adsorption of other proteins that may empower aggravation and bacterial colonization [27].…”

Nanocomposite and Nanostructured Carbon-based Films as Growth Substrates for Bone Cells

“…Thus, carbon nanotubes could be utilized in hard tissue surgery, e.g., to reinforce artificial bone implants, particularly scaffolds for bone tissue engineering made of relatively soft synthetic or natural polymers. Carbon nanotubes have been used in combination with poly(carbonate) urethane (Khang et al, 2007(Khang et al, , 2008, biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (Supronowicz et al, 2002), propylene fumarate (Shi et al, 2006), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (Misra et al, 2010), a copolymer of polylactide-caprolactone (Lahiri et al, 2009) or a copolymer of polypyrrole-hyaluronic acid (Pelto et al, 2010). Also hydroxyapatite (HAp), i.e., a ceramic material widely used in bone tissue engineering, but known for its high brittleness, has been reinforced with carbon nanotubes (Balani et al, 2007;Hahn et al, 2009).…”

“…Carbon nanotubes not only improved the mechanical properties of the mentioned materials, such as tensile (Young's) modulus, compressive and flexural moduli and compressive, flexural and tensile strength in the polymeric materials (Shi et al, 2006;Lahiri et al, 2009;Misra et al, 2010), and fracture toughness, hardness, elastic modulus and adhesion to the underlying substrate in HAp coatings (Balani et al, 2007;Hahn et al, 2009), but also increased the attractiveness of these materials for the adhesion, growth, differentiation and phenotypic maturation of cells, such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes and stem cells. One of the mechanisms of the improved cell colonization was an increased adsorption of fibronectin, i.e., an important cell-adhesion mediating ECM protein, to these composites, which has been explained by creating a nanoscale surface roughness of the material by the addition of nanotubes, and also by an increased material surface hydrophilia due to the presence of the polymeric component (pure carbon nanotube surfaces were highly hydrophobic, Khang et al, 2007Khang et al, , 2008. Another important mechanism is the electroactivity of carbon nanotubes, i.e., their electrochemical activity, electrical charge and conductivity, which enable electrical stimulation of cells (Supronowicz et al, 2002;Zanello et al, 2006;Khang et al, 2008;Pelto et al, 2010).…”

Enhanced osteoblast adhesion on nanostructured selenium compacts for anti-cancer orthopedic applications

“…The reasons why nano-roughness enhances osteoblast functions remains incompletely understood. However, it has been shown that nano-roughness effectively increased the initial absorption of proteins (such as fi bronectin and vitronectin) which mediate subsequent cell adhesion (Webster et al 2000bKhang et al 2007). In particular, particle boundaries on other material (Ti, Ti6Al4V, and CoCrMo) surfaces were shown to be active regions for such protein adsorption (Webster and Ejiofor 2004).…”