Enhanced expression of hepatic lipogenic enzymes in an animal model of sedentariness

Vecchini, Alba; Ceccarelli, Veronica; Orvietani, Pier Luigi; Caligiana, P.; Susta, Federica; Binaglia, Luciano; Nocentini, Giuseppe; Riccardi, Carlo; Nardo, Paolo Di

doi:10.1194/jlr.m200252-jlr200

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, there appeared to be a trend ( p = 0.14) towards significance for mature SREBP-2 in the gastrocnemius muscle, with HU rats expressing lower levels. In a previous study investigating the liver of rats undergoing 14 days of HU, mature SREBP-2 expression was reported to be elevated in comparison to CC animals [28]. Those results, in combination with our data, present contrasting effects of HU on cholesterol metabolism in the liver and muscle.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The effects of hindlimb unloading versus dietary cholesterol and resistance training on rat skeletal muscle responses

Lee

Chen

et al. 2019

Lipids Health Dis

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BackgroundThe loss of muscle mass and concomitantly strength, poses a serious risk to the elderly and to astronauts. Dietary cholesterol (CL), in conjunction with resistance training (RT), has been strongly associated with improvements in lean mass. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two opposing environments on rat skeletal muscle: (1) hindlimb unloading and (2) CL and RT.MethodsIn protocol 1, 13 male Sprague-Dawley rats were unloaded for 28 days (HU; n = 6) or served as cage controls (CC; n = 7). In protocol 2, 42 rats were assigned to 1 of 6 groups: CC (n = 7), CC + CL (n = 4), RT controls (RTC; n = 7), RTC + CL (n = 8), RT (n = 8) and RT + CL (n = 8). RT/RTC consisted of squat-like exercise. RT had weights added progressively from 80 to 410 g over 5 weeks. CL was supplemented in the chow with either 180 ppm (controls) or 1800 ppm (CL). Lower limb muscles were harvested at the end of both protocols and analyzed by Western Blotting for sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) and low-density lipoprotein-receptor (LDL-R) and protein synthesis.ResultsGastrocnemius and plantaris masses and their body mass ratios were significantly lower in the HU rats than control rats. The RT rats gained significantly less body and lean mass than the RTC groups, but the plantar flexor muscles did not show any significant differences among groups. Moreover, RT groups had significantly higher plantaris mixed muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR) than the RTC and CC animals, with the CL groups showing greater FSR than control rats. No significant differences among groups in SREBP-2 or LDL-R were observed in either protocol.ConclusionsThese studies provide evidence for a relationship between skeletal muscle and cholesterol metabolism, but the exact nature of that association remains unclear.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The effects of hindlimb unloading versus dietary cholesterol and resistance training on rat skeletal muscle responses

Lee

Chen

et al. 2019

Lipids Health Dis

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“…Frozen rat epididymal white adipose tissue (about 200 mg) was homogenized in 1 ml of 7% SDS. Aliquots of the homogenates con-taining 30 mg protein were mixed with sample buffer, boiled (1 min at 100°C) and centrifuged for 10 min at 3000´g as described (Vecchini et al, 2003). The relative abundance of precursor and mature SREBP-1 was evaluated by Western blot procedure as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific effect of refeeding after short- and long-term caloric restriction on malic enzyme gene expression in rat tissues.

Stelmańska¹,

Korczyńska²,

Świerczyński³

2004

Acta Biochim Pol

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Restricting food intake to a level below that consumed voluntarily (85%, 70% and 50% of the ad libitum energy intake for 3 or 30 days) and re-feeding ad libitum for 48 h results in an increase of malic enzyme (ME) gene expression in rat white adipose tissue. The increase of ME gene expression was much more pronounced in rats maintained on restricted diet for 30 days than for 3 days. The changes in ME gene expression resembled the changes in the content of SREBP-1 in white adipose tissue. A similar increase of serum insulin concentration was observed in all groups at different degrees of caloric restriction and refed ad libitum for 48 h. Caloric restriction and refeeding caused on increase of ME activity also in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver. However, in liver a significant increase of ME activity was found only in rats maintained on the restricted diet for 30 days. No significant changes after caloric restriction and refeeding were found in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney cortex, and brain. These data indicate that the increase of ME gene expression after caloric restriction/refeeding occurs only in lipogenic tissues. Thus, one can conclude that caloric restriction/refeeding increases the enzymatic capacity for fatty acid biosynthesis.

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“…As a result, large quantities of free fatty acids accumulate in the liver, causing hepatic lipogenesis. Simultaneously, free fatty acids in the blood also increase 8 , 9 ) . Kobayashi and colleagues reported that the %BF estimated by BIA is useful for the prediction of TC, LDL-C, and TG levels in Japanese men 10 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validity of body impedance analysis for evaluating body composition in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis

et al. 2015

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[Purpose] This study assessed changes in body composition before and after dialysis in chronic hemodialysis patients and determined the relationships between various body composition parameters and blood lipid levels in these patients. [Subjects] The cross-sectional study included 19 dialysis outpatients (17 men and 2 women, aged 35–82 years). [Methods] Body mass index, body weight, percent body fat, and percent skeletal muscle were measured before and after dialysis by using body impedance analysis. Blood lipid levels were obtained from patients’ clinical records. The body composition parameters before and after dialysis were compared using paired t-tests. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated to determine relationships between the body composition parameters, before and after dialysis, and the blood lipid levels. [Results] All body composition parameters differed significantly before and after dialysis. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level significantly correlated with all the body composition parameters, whereas total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels significantly correlated with some of these parameters. The correlation coefficients revealed no major differences in the relationships between blood lipid parameters and body compositions before and after dialysis. [Conclusion] Our findings suggest that body composition parameters, whether measured before or after dialysis, can be used to evaluate obesity in longitudinal studies.

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Enhanced expression of hepatic lipogenic enzymes in an animal model of sedentariness

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

The effects of hindlimb unloading versus dietary cholesterol and resistance training on rat skeletal muscle responses

The effects of hindlimb unloading versus dietary cholesterol and resistance training on rat skeletal muscle responses

Tissue-specific effect of refeeding after short- and long-term caloric restriction on malic enzyme gene expression in rat tissues.

Validity of body impedance analysis for evaluating body composition in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis

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