Enhanced contact endoscopy for the assessment of the neoangiogenetic changes in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx

Abstract

Dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract show significant neoangiogenesis appearing as subepithelial and epithelial microvascular irregularities that can be detected by Image-Enhanced Endoscopy such as Narrow Band Imaging and Storz Professional Image Enhancement System. In the present study, the most advanced endoscopic enhancement systems were coupled with Contact Endoscopy (Enhanced Contact Endoscopy). This original method improved the identification and the understanding of the neoangiogenetic changes of the chorion in 42 patients with leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and leuko-erythroplakia of the oral cavity and oropharynx. The physiologic and pathologic mucosa was described in five obvious vascular patterns observed at Enhanced Contact Endoscopy ranging from normal to squamous cell carcinoma, passing through inflammation, hyperplasia, and dysplasia. Each vascular pattern was then compared to histology, showing that the microvascular architectural changes seen with Enhanced Contact Endoscopy are almost constant. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in the differentiation between healthy mucosa and inflammation versus pathologic hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma were, respectively, 96.6, 93.3, 98.2, 87.5, and 95.9 %. Sensitivity and specificity were 100 % in differentiation between non-malignant lesions versus squamous cell carcinoma. Our preliminary experience shows that accuracy of Image-Enhanced Endoscopy in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx can be increased if associated to Contact Endoscopy.

Can the Ni classification of vessels predict neoplasia? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Over the last decade, attention has been drawn to the vascular changes associated with lesions in the larynx and pharynx. Until now, the NBI system has been applied in most publications on vascular changes, but novel and comparable systems such as SPIES and i‐SCAN are gaining ground . The use of NBI in head and neck oncology was first described by Muto et al in 2004 .…”

“…Until now, the NBI system has been applied in most publications on vascular changes, but novel and comparable systems such as SPIES and i-SCAN are gaining ground. 2,7,9,31,32 The use of NBI in head and neck oncology was first described by Muto et al in 2004. 33 Since then, numerous reports have recommended pre-and intraoperative visualization of the vascular pattern in premalignant and malignant lesions, 1,2,5,8,13,14,17,20,23,[34][35][36][37] as well as in the follow-up after surgery or radiotherapy.…”

<p>Increased Expression of TAP Is Predictive of Poor Prognosis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer</p>

“…19,20 Apart from lung cancer, the existence of TAP expression is evident in the stomach, colorectal, thyroid, and bladder tumors. [9][10][11][12]21 Our research findings add to the general overview of TAP's role in a tumor's development and progression.…”

Sialendoscopy for salivary stones: principles, technical skills and therapeutic experience

“…Sialendoscopy was also performed using the Image1 S System™ (Storz, Germany), an innovative digital post-processing technique, already described for the evaluation of mucosal precancerous lesions 16 , that emphasises specific colour renderings through the spectral separation of the spectral light information obtained within the camera console and enhances the appearance of recorded images by adapted colour processing algorithms, using five different defined modalities of amplifications of the images (Clara, Chroma, Clara + Chroma, Spectra A, Spectra B).…”