Enhanced Accumulation of Biologically Active Coumarin and Furanocoumarins in Callus Culture and Field‐grown Plants of Ruta chalepensis Through LED Light‐treatment

Abstract

Ruta chalepensis, a medicinal plant, produces biologically active coumarins (CRs) and furanocoumarins (FCRs). However, their yield is quite low in cultivated plants. In this work, the influence of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was investigated on the accumulation of CRs and FCRs in the callus cultures and field-grown plants of R. chalepensis. Among the various tested wavelengths of LED lights, maximum accumulation of CR and FCRs was recorded under blue LED treatment in both the callus cultures as well as field-grown plants when compared with respective controls treated with white LED. Metabolite analyses of LED-treated field-grown plants showed that highest concentrations of CR (umbelliferone, 2.8-fold), and FCRs (psoralen, 2.3-fold; xanthotoxin, 3.8-fold and bergapten, 1.16-fold) were accumulated upon blue LEDtreatment for 6 days. CR and FCRs contents were also analyzed in the blue LED-and red LED-treated in vitro callus tissue. Upon blue LED-treatment, callus accumulated significantly high levels of umbelliferone (48.6 AE 1.2 µg g À1 DW), psoralen (370.12 AE 10.6 µg g À1 DW) and xanthotoxin (10.16 AE 0.48 µg g À1 DW). These findings imply that blue LED-treatment is a viable option as a noninvasive and lowcost elicitation technology for the enhanced production of biologically active CR and FCRs in field-grown plants and callus cultures of R. chalepensis.

Bioactive extracts and association with C and N in Eleutherococcus senticosus subjected to chitosan nanoparticles in contrasting light spectra

“…The white light spectrum was also found to promote isofraxidin content in the roots of Sarcandra glabra seedlings [ 65 ]. Isofraxidin belongs to coumarin, which was also shown to be upregulated in low-red lights [ 66 , 67 ]. Isofraxidin in plant root is synthesized as a bioactive response to abiotic stress.…”

Ruta chalepensis L. In Vitro Cultures as a Source of Bioactive Furanocoumarins and Furoquinoline Alkaloids

“…In addition, quantitative determinations were carried out on the fresh weight (FW) in the abovementioned studies, whereas in the present study, the chemical composition of the DW was analyzed. The highest content of xanthotoxin was 0.95 mg/100 g FW, and the bergapten content was higher than the xanthotoxin content and amounted to 48.9 mg/100 g FW [ 20 ].…”

“…Bergapten shows activity as a selective blocker of axolemmal potassium channels and may be useful in the treatment of demyelinating diseases [ 1 , 19 ]. Furanocoumarins exhibit anticancer activity and are currently considered novel mechanism-based drug candidates for the treatment of selected forms of cancer [ 20 ]. Commercial production of furanocoumarins via chemical synthesis is quite expensive, and they are obtained from bergamot oil ( Citrus bergamia ).…”

Production of Polyphenolic Natural Products by Bract-Derived Tissue Cultures of Three Medicinal Tilia spp.: A Comparative Untargeted Metabolomics Study

“…It is worth noting that cultures with similar biosynthetic capacity have also been documented. For example, calli of Ruta chalepensis L. accumulated psoralen (370.12 ± 10.6 µg g −1 DW), along with lesser amounts of umbelliferone and xanthotoxin [43]. Similarly, the embryogenic calli of Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet contained 99.20 ± 0.97 and 61.03 ± 0.47 µg g −1 FW scopoletin and scoparone [37].…”