Engineering Within Ecological Constraints

Schulze, Peter

doi:10.17226/4919

Cited by 89 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Throughout the world, feral horses (Equus caballus) are causing environmental degradation and a decline in ecological integrity; defined in terms of the characteristic structure, composition and function of an ecosystem compared to the range of natural or historic conditions and disturbance regimes (Karr, 1996;Lindenmayer & Franklin, 2002;Parrish et al, 2003). Of particular concern is the extent to which feral horses degrade vegetation condition and associated ecosystem processes, which is a well-recognised conservation threat (Rogers, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the impact of feral horses on vegetation condition using remotely sensed fPAR: A case study in Australia's alpine parks

Porfirio¹,

Lefroy²,

Hugh³

et al. 2017

Parks

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Throughout the world, feral horses (Equus caballus) are causing environmental degradation and a decline in ecological integrity. Evidence from scientific monitoring is needed to inform the public debate and help land managers make informed decisions. We used field observations of vegetation condition at a network of sites in the Australian Alps where horses were present or absent. The data were combined with the remotely -sensed fraction of photosynthetic active radiation (fPAR) and topographic condition. Vegetation condition was assessed in the field by rangers using a modified version of the Landscape Function Analysis (LFA) index. We found significant differences in the LFA index between sites where horses were present or absent. Sites with presence of horses have 10 per cent lower fPAR than sites with absence of horses. The results also indicated a significant correlation between LFA and fPAR. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that feral horses have a negative impact on the condition of Australian alpine vegetation. This study provides a useful and relatively cost-effective method for monitoring the impact of feral horses on native vegetation, and can be used to support decision making and management interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the impact of feral horses on vegetation condition using remotely sensed fPAR: A case study in Australia's alpine parks

Porfirio¹,

Lefroy²,

Hugh³

et al. 2017

Parks

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“…Holling (1996) described the central concept of ecological resilience as the capacity to maintain the existence of jsd.ccsenet.org…”

Section: Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Composite Indicators to Disaster Resilience: A Case Study in Osaka Prefecture, Japan

Ebisudani¹,

Tokai²

2017

JSD

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This paper presents an empirical verification of the measurement of baseline characteristics for fostering regional resilience. A set of indicators was selected from previous studies of disaster resilience, and an environmental element was added. The aims of the study were (1) to select a set of indicators that could be used for measuring disaster resilience, based on a review of the research literature, (2) to evaluate these indicators using the statistical approach of standardization, and to visualize the results using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, and (3) to identify the key resilience characteristics using principal component analysis (PCA). The study focused on 29 municipalities in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. From the literature review, a total of 17 disaster resilience indicators were selected, covering economic, social, and community connection factors. The novel environmental attributes were selected from the literature on environmental sustainability. The standardized measures demonstrated that municipalities with a high level of resilience were also ranked highly on both the "social" and "community connection" attributes. The GIS mapping resulted a prominent urban-suburban divide, with urban areas having a lower level of resilience than suburban areas. The PCA demonstrated significant variation across the 29 municipalities, characterized by the factors "living standard" and "regional involvement." An understanding of these baseline characteristics would allow governments to monitor chronological changes in the resilience of specific regions. This information can be used to support the establishment of an evaluation platform, and can contribute to a more systematic management of resilience.

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“…In other words, resilience can be thought of as how far the system is from certain thresholds or boundaries beyond which the system will undergo a regime shift or a quantitative change in system structure or identity. Holling (1996) categorized resilience into two types, engineering resilience, which refers to the ability of a system to return to steady state following a perturbation, and ecological resilience, which refers to the capacity of system to remain in particular stability domain in the face of perturbations. The latter category is used by many 10 researchers to discuss resilience of social ecological systems (or more generally CISs) (Gunderson et al, 1995;Berkes and Folke, 1998;Carpenter et al, 1999aCarpenter et al, , 1999bScheffer et al, 2000;Anderies et al, 2002;Gunderson and Holling, 2002;Berkes et al, 2003;Walker et al, 2004;Carpenter and Brock, 2004;Janssen et al, 2004;Anderies, 2005;Folke et al, 2002;Anderies et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Robust is Your System Resilience?

Homayounfar

Muneepeerakul

Anderies

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Robustness and resilience are concepts in systems thinking that have grown in importance and popularity.For many complex social-ecological systems, however, robustness and resilience are difficult to quantify and the connections and trade-offs between them difficult to study. Most studies have either focused on qualitative approaches to discuss their connections or considered only one of them under particular classes of disturbances. In this study, we 10 present an analytical framework to address the linkage between robustness and resilience more systematically. Our analysis is based on a stylized dynamical model that operationalizes a widely used conceptual framework for socialecological systems. The model enables us to rigorously delineate the boundaries of conditions under which the coupled system can be sustained in a long run, define robustness and resilience related to these boundaries, and consequently investigate their connections. The results reveal the tradeoffs between robustness and resilience. They also show how 15 the nature of such tradeoffs varies with the choices of certain policies (e.g., taxation and investment in public infrastructure), internal stresses and external disturbances.

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Engineering Within Ecological Constraints

Cited by 89 publications

References 66 publications

Monitoring the impact of feral horses on vegetation condition using remotely sensed fPAR: A case study in Australia's alpine parks

Monitoring the impact of feral horses on vegetation condition using remotely sensed fPAR: A case study in Australia's alpine parks

The Application of Composite Indicators to Disaster Resilience: A Case Study in Osaka Prefecture, Japan

How Robust is Your System Resilience?

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