Engineering tests of the metal transfer process for extraction of rare-earth fission products from a molten-salt breeder reactor fuel salt

Abstract

i. nmomicTioM 1 2. METAL TRANSFER PROCESS 3 3. DESCRIPTION OF METAL TRANSFER EXPERIMENTS KTE-3 AND MTE-3B. 6 3.1 Process Vessels and Equipment 6 3.2 Experimental Procedures 11 4. ANALYSIS OF DATA 14 5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 5.1 Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients and Equilibrium Distribution Coefficients for Keodyaium 5.2 Entrainment Studies in Experiment MTE-3B 5.3 Neodyaiua and 1*7*1 Inventory in Experiaect MTE-3B. . 3.4 Ltthiun Reductant in the Bisauth Solutions in the Contactor and Stripper 5.5 Systea Performance 6.

Reductive extraction kinetics of actinide and lanthanide elements in molten chloride and liquid cadmium system

“…However, a critical problem was recognized for the kinetics in which the overall mass transfer coefficients were much lower than would be expected and any meaningful correlations were hardly observed between the overall mass transfer coefficient and the agitation speed [5]. In our previous study on this problem [6], the rate of reductive extraction of actinide and lanthanide elements was measured in the two-phase system of molten fluoride salt and liquid bismuth.…”

“…Bold line denotes the viscosity of molten LiCl-KCl[5] and other lines the best fits of the experimental data to Arrhenius type equations.…”

Impurities in Primary Coolant Salt of FHRs: Chemistry, Impact, and Removal Methods

“…Reduced-scale demonstrations of the reductive extraction process were performed during the 1970s. [32] Mass-transfer coefficients for the process were also measured for the MSBR program. [33] Process thermodynamics were also studied both experimentally and theoretically.…”

“…To minimize the volume of radioactive waste generated, the radionuclides will be transferred from the bismuth to lithium chloride which has a high solubility for nearly all of the fission products. Reduced‐scale demonstrations of the reductive extraction process were performed during the 1970s . Mass‐transfer coefficients for the process were also measured for the MSBR program .…”

“…The Li-Bi reducing system has been determined to be the simplest and most plausible technology to effectively remove rare earth elements in addition to other fission products, actinides, and transuranic elements [22] in the MSRs. To clean the bismuth once rare earth elements and fission products have been removed from the fuel salt, the bismuth can be contacted with a different salt, such as LiCl, in which the rare earth elements preferentially separate from the bismuth because of favorable distribution coefficients, [32] and diagram of the process was also given by Savage and Hightower. [32] In addition, a high-temperature centrifugal contactor, known as a pyrocontactor, was developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in the 1990s [71] to mix and separate liquid metal and molten salt.…”