Engineering Properties of Waste Sawdust-Based Lightweight Alkali-Activated Concrete: Experimental Assessment and Numerical Prediction

Alabduljabbar, Hisham; Huseien, Ghasan Fahim; Sam, Abdul Rahman Mohd; Alyouef, Rayed; Algaifi, Hassan Amer; Al-Askar, Abdulaziz A.

doi:10.3390/ma13235490

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Accordingly, in recent years, numerous mathematical predictions and optimisation models have been developed within the research community, including artificial neural networks (ANNs) [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], metaheuristic algorithms [ 28 , 29 ], genetic expression programming (GEP) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], and response surface methodology (RSM) [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Among them, RSM is one of the best statistical techniques used for data optimization [ 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars

et al. 2021

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Although free-cement-based alkali-activated paste, mortar, and concrete have been recognised as sustainable and environmental-friendly materials, a considerable amount of effort is still being channeled to ascertain the best binary or ternary binders that would satisfy the requirements of strength and durability as well as environmental aspects. In this study, the mechanical properties of alkali-activated mortar (AAM) made with binary binders, involving fly ash (FA) and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) as well as bottle glass waste nano-silica powder (BGWNP), were opti-mised using both experimentally and optimisation modelling through three scenarios. In the first scenario, the addition of BGWNP varied from 5% to 20%, while FA and GBFS were kept constant (30:70). In the second and third scenarios, BGWNP (5–20%) was added as the partial replacement of FA and GBFS, separately. The results show that the combination of binary binders (FA and GBFS) and BGWNP increased AAM’s strength compared to that of the control mixture for all scenarios. In addition, the findings also demonstrated that the replacement of FA by BGWNP was the most significant, while the effect of GBFS replacement by BGWNP was less significant. In particular, the highest improvement in compressive strength was recorded when FA, GBFS, and BGWNP were 61.6%, 30%, and 8.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the results of ANOVA (p values < 0.0001 and high F-values) as well as several statistical validation methods (R > 0.9, RAE < 0.1, RSE < 0.013, and RRSE < 0.116) confirmed that all the models were robust, reliable, and significant. Similarly, the data variation was found to be less than 5%, and the difference between the predicted R2 and adj. R2 was very small (<0.2), thus confirming that the proposed non-linear quadratic equations had the capability to predict for further observation. In conclusion, the use of BGWNP in AAM could act as a beneficial and sustainable strategy, not only to address environmental issues (e.g., landfill) but to also enhance strength properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars

et al. 2021

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“…All the designed GPMs specimens containing WCT showed lower drying shrinkage than the one obtained for OPC-based NC. Previous studies indicated that the drying shrinkage characteristics of the alkali-activated geopolymer composites are more complicated than OPC composites due to their complex hydration and shrinkage mechanisms [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Among these geopolymer binders, the shrinkage problem of GBFS-based geopolymer systems is particularly prominent, which is significantly higher compared to other geopolymer composites (such as FA, metakaolin, and coal gangue) [ 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these geopolymer binders, the shrinkage problem of GBFS-based geopolymer systems is particularly prominent, which is significantly higher compared to other geopolymer composites (such as FA, metakaolin, and coal gangue) [ 56 ]. Some reports indicated that the partial replacement of GBFS by FA can effectively alleviate the shrinkage of the GPMs systems but weaken their strength development [ 22 , 32 , 54 , 55 ]. Therefore, the selection of suitable proportions of the mineral admixtures is very important to optimize the performance of GPMs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Humad et al [ 59 ], the addition of FA in the AAS mixture can significantly mitigate its autogenous shrinkage without exhibiting considerable effects on its drying shrinkage. So far, only a few studies have suggested that the incorporation of FA in the geopolymer matrix can enhance the shrinkage of GPMs [ 55 ]. The effects of FA addition on the drying shrinkage were attributed mainly to the increased porosity and reduced tortuosity of GPMs [ 58 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Sulfate and Sulfuric Acid on Efficiency of Geopolymers as Concrete Repair Materials

Alyousef

Ebid

Huseien

et al. 2022

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Various geopolymer mortars (GPMs) as concrete repairing materials have become effective owing to their eco-friendly properties. Geopolymer binders designed from agricultural and industrial wastes display interesting and useful mechanical performance. Based on this fact, this research (experimental) focuses on the feasibility of achieving a new GPM with improved mechanical properties and enhanced durability performance against the aggressive sulfuric acid and sulfate attacks. This new ternary blend of GPMs can be achieved by combining waste ceramic tiles (WCT), fly ash (FA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) with appropriate proportions. These GPMs were designed from a high volume of WCT, FA, and GBFS to repair the damaged concretes existing in the construction sectors. Flexural strength, slant shear bond strength, and compatibility of the obtained GPMs were compared with the base or normal concrete (NC) before and after exposure to the aggressive environments. Tests including flexural four-point loading and thermal expansion coefficient were performed. These GPMs were prepared using a low concentration of alkaline activator solution with increasing levels of GBFS and FA replaced by WCT. The results showed that substitution of GBFS and FA by WCT in the GPMs could enhance their bond strength, mechanical characteristics, and durability performance when exposed to aggressive environments. In addition, with the increase in WCT contents from 50 to 70%, the bond strength performance of the GPMs was considerably enhanced under sulfuric acid and sulfate attack. The achieved GPMs were shown to be highly compatible with the concrete substrate and excellent binders for various civil engineering construction applications. It is affirmed that the proposed GPMs can efficiently be used as high-performance materials to repair damaged concrete surfaces.

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“…The fraction of aggregates is about 60% to 80% of the concrete total volume [ 7 , 8 ]. Moreover, the preparation of some types of concrete such as light and heavyweight concrete, as well as concrete resistant to sound or vibration, can be achieved through the proper selection of aggregates [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In developing almost all types of special concrete, selecting the proper aggregates, and manipulating their size distributions are two important steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Experimental Assessment of POFA Concrete Incorporating Waste Tire Rubber Aggregate

et al. 2022

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Several researchers devoted considerable efforts to partially replace natural aggregates in concrete with recycled materials such as recycled tire rubber. However, this often led to a significant reduction in the compressive strength of rubberized concrete due to the weaker interfacial transition zone between the cementitious matrix and rubber particles and the softness of rubber granules. Thereafter, significant research has explored the effects of supplementary cementitious materials such as zeolite, fly ash, silica fume, and slag used as partial replacement for cement on rubberized concrete properties. In this study, systematic experimental work was carried out to assess the mechanical properties of palm oil fuel ash (POFA)-based concrete incorporating tire rubber aggregates (TRAs) using the response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the findings, reasonable compressive, flexure, and tensile strengths were recorded or up to 10% replacement of sand with recycled tire fibre and fine TRAs. In particular, the reduction in compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of POFA concrete incorporating fibre rubber decreased by 16.3%, 9.8%, and 10.1% at 365 days compared to normal concrete without POFA and rubber. It can be concluded that utilization of a combination of POFA and fine or fibre rubber could act as a beneficial strategy to solve the weakness of current rubberized concrete’s strength as well as to tackle the environmental issues of the enormous stockpiles of waste tires worldwide.

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Engineering Properties of Waste Sawdust-Based Lightweight Alkali-Activated Concrete: Experimental Assessment and Numerical Prediction

Cited by 37 publications

References 61 publications

Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars

Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars

Effects of Sulfate and Sulfuric Acid on Efficiency of Geopolymers as Concrete Repair Materials

Systematic Experimental Assessment of POFA Concrete Incorporating Waste Tire Rubber Aggregate

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