Engineering geological appraisal of the rock masses and preliminary support design, Dorukhan Tunnel, Zonguldak, Turkey

Geniş, Melih; Başarır, Hakan; Özarslan, Ahmet; Bilir, E.; Balaban, Eren

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.02.005

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Numerical analyses such as the Finite Element Method (FEM), Discrete Element Method (DEM), and Analytic Element Method (AEM) have been used in geotechnical projects by many researchers (Ramamurthy, 2004;Franzius et al, 2005;Surjadinata et al, 2006;Genis et al, 2007;Gurocak et al, 2007;Gurocak, 2011;Kaya et al, 2011;Kaya and Bulut, 2013) in order to verify the results obtained from empirical methods. The Finite Element Method has become one of the most frequently used methods and a number of computer software programs based on the FEM are available for researchers.…”

Section: Numerical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of support systems obtained from the RMR89 and RMR14 by numerical analyses: Macka Tunnel project, NE Turkey

Kanik

Gürocak

Alemdağ

2015

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Section: Numerical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of support systems obtained from the RMR89 and RMR14 by numerical analyses: Macka Tunnel project, NE Turkey

Kanik

Gürocak

Alemdağ

2015

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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“…Brideau et al 2011;Shen et al 2012;Schaefer et al 2013;Dotta et al 2017), tunnel design (e.g. Martin et al 1999;Cai et al 2004;Genis et al 2007;Zhang et al 2011), mining geotechnics (e.g. Alber et al 2009) and more recently in reservoir geomechanics (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating in situ rock mass strength and elastic modulus of granite from the Soultz-sous-Forêts geothermal reservoir (France)

et al. 2018

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Knowledge of the strength and elastic modulus of a reservoir rock is important for the optimisation of a particular geothermal resource. The reservoir rock for many geothermal projects in the Upper Rhine Graben, such as those at Soultz-sous-Forêts and Rittershoffen (both France), is porphyritic granite. High fracture densities (up to ~ 30 fractures/m) in this reservoir rock require that we consider the strength and elastic modulus of the rock mass, rather than the intact rock. Here we use uniaxial and triaxial deformation experiments performed on intact rock coupled with Geological Strength Index assessments-using the wealth of information from core and borehole analyses-to provide rock mass strength and elastic modulus estimates for the granite reservoir at Soultz-sous-Forêts (from a depth of 1400 to 2200 m) using the generalised Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The average uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the intact granite are 140 MPa (this study) and 40 GPa (data from this study and the literature), respectively. The modelled strength of the intact granite is 360 MPa at a depth of 1400 m and increases to 455 MPa at 2200 m (using our estimate for the empirical m i term of 30, determined using triaxial and tensile strength measurements on the intact granite). Strength of the rock mass varies in accordance with the fracture density and the extent and nature of the fracture infill, reaching lows of ~ 40-50 MPa (in, for example, the densely fractured zones in EPS-1 at depths of ~ 1650 and ~ 2160 m, respectively) and highs of above 400 MPa (in, for example, the largely unfractured zone at a depth of ~ 1940-2040 m). Variations in rock mass elastic modulus are qualitatively similar (values vary from 1 to 2 GPa up to the elastic modulus of the intact rock, 40 GPa). Our study highlights that macrofractures and joints reduce rock mass strength and should be considered when assessing the rock mass for well stability and rock mass deformation due to stress redistribution in the reservoir. We present a case study to demonstrate how a simple and cost-effective engineering method can be used to provide an indication of the in situ strength and elastic modulus of reservoir rock masses, important for a wide range of modelling and stimulation strategies. We recommend that the effect of macrofractures on rock mass strength and stiffness be validated for incorporation into geomechanical characterisation for geothermal reservoirs worldwide.

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“…Detailed geotechnical evaluation of the rock masses OMT was excavated by utilizing the geotechnical rock mass classification systems such as RMR (Bieniawski, 1989) and Q System (Barton et al, 1974). Although rock mass classification systems are useful during the preliminary design stage, they cannot adequately calculate stress distributions, support performance and deformations around the tunnel (Genis et al, 2007). Therefore empirical methods should be augmented by numerical methods (Sari and Pasamehmetoglu, 2004;Basarir, 2006).…”

Section: Geotechnical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for the selection of construction method at the Ovit Mountain Tunnel (Turkey)

Özçelik

2015

KSCE J Civ Eng

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The Ovit Mountain Tunnel (OMT) is an highway tunnel under construction at Mount Ovit between Ikizdere (Rize) and Ispir (Erzurum) in NE Turkey. It will be the country's longest tunnel about 14700 m long in twin tubes. This paper compares and assesses tunnel excavation by Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) excavation or drill and blast method for the OMT. Rock mass and material characteristics were evaluated to identify the excavation method. The rock mass classification of the tunnel grounds was performed by utilizing the Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Q system and New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) which was followed by a geotechnical investigation along the tunnel. Twelve boreholes with a total length of 1116.5 m were drilled to assist and verify rock mass classifications. Seventy five rock samples were obtained for mechanical test. TBM method was selected at preliminary design stage of the OMT. But now, the OMT is driven by drill and blast method, using hydraulic excavators and the support is based on the principles of the NATM. The selection of this tunnelling excavation method was decided by morphological site conditions, geological, geotechnical site conditions, time and economic criteria.

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Engineering geological appraisal of the rock masses and preliminary support design, Dorukhan Tunnel, Zonguldak, Turkey

Cited by 58 publications

References 11 publications

A comparison of support systems obtained from the RMR89 and RMR14 by numerical analyses: Macka Tunnel project, NE Turkey

A comparison of support systems obtained from the RMR89 and RMR14 by numerical analyses: Macka Tunnel project, NE Turkey

Estimating in situ rock mass strength and elastic modulus of granite from the Soultz-sous-Forêts geothermal reservoir (France)

Criteria for the selection of construction method at the Ovit Mountain Tunnel (Turkey)

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