Engineering Aspheric Liquid Crystal Lenses by Using the Transmission Electrode Technique

Algorri, José Francisco; Zografopoulos, Dimitrios C.; Rodŕıguez-Cobo, Luis; Sánchez‐Pena, José Manuel; López‐Higuera, José Miguel

doi:10.3390/cryst10090835

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thanks to avoiding high-resistivity layers, the associated drawbacks are missing. This technique has been demonstrated in various types of LC lenses, e.g., axicons 47 , 49 , 50 , Powell 51 and aspherical 48 , 52 , 53 . In 48 , the transmission electrode has a spiral configuration and it has only one contact, so phase changes are performed through frequency sweeping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Bennis

Jankowski

Strzeżysz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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This work presents the application of an experimental nematic liquid crystal (LC) mixture (1929) in a large aperture lens. The LC material is composed of terphenyl and biphenyl derivatives compounds with an isothiocyanate terminal group and fluorinated lateral substituents. The substitution with a strongly polar isothiocyanate group and an aromatic rigid core provides $$\pi$$ π -electron coupling, providing high birefringence ($$\Delta n = 0.3375$$ Δ n = 0.3375 at 636 nm and 23 °C) and low viscosity ($$\eta$$ η = 17.03 mPa s). In addition, it also shows high values of birefringence at near infrared (0.318 at 1550 nm). The synthesis process is simple when comparing materials with high melting temperatures. The excellent properties of this LC mixture are demonstrated in a large aperture LC-tunable lens based on a transmission electrode structure. Thanks to the particular characteristics of this mixture, the optical power is high. The high birefringence makes this LC of specific interest for lenses and optical phase modulators and devices, both in the visible and infrared regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Bennis

Jankowski

Strzeżysz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The resistance of the HR layer usually changes over time, which results in the properties of the LC lens becoming unstable. Some other structures, including the use of transmission lines [31][32][33][34][35][36][37], surf relief electrodes [38,39] and lens-shaped dielectric material [40][41][42], have been reported. It is difficult to obtain LC lenses with a parabolic phase profile using these techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Tunable Liquid Crystal Lenses with a Parabolic Phase Profile

et al. 2022

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An electrode pattern design generating a parabolic voltage distribution, in combination with usage of the linear response range of the liquid crystal (LC) material, has been recently proposed to obtain nearly ideal phase profiles for LC lenses. This technique features low driving voltages, simple structure, compact design, and the absence of high-resistivity (HR) layers. In this work, the universal design principle is discussed in detail, which is applicable not only to LC lens design, but also to other LC devices with any phase profile. Several electrode patterns are presented to form a parabolic voltage distribution. An equivalent electric circuit of the LC lens based on the design principle is developed, and the simulation results are given. In the experiments, an LC lens using the feasible parameters is prepared, and its high-quality performance is demonstrated.

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“…High-resistivity electrodes can be made of several materials, such as poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT-PSS) [28] or ultrathin indium-tin oxide (ITO) [29]. • The high-resistivity electrode behaves as a transmission line [30], and the profile can be modified by varying the voltage amplitude and the frequency, therefore making it possible to create radial voltage gradients that follow up the required quadratic index profiles for lenses or other profiles for different optical elements, e.g., axicons. Modal control has also been proposed in the Fresnel lens [31], which will be commented on below.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Tunable LC Devices with Twisted Light

Otón,

Pereiro-García,

Quintana

et al. 2023

Crystals

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Tunable circular devices made of liquid crystals or other materials, like lenses, axicons, or phase plates, are often constrained by limitations in size, tunability, power, and other parameters. These constraints restrict their use and limit their applicability. In this review, a thorough study of the use of light’s orbital angular momentum in the manufacturing of liquid crystal (LC) devices is presented. Twisted light fosters the simultaneous optimization of most critical parameters. Experimental demonstrations of the unmatched performance of tunable LC lenses, axicons, and other elements in parameters such as lens diameter (>1″), power and tunability (>±6 diopters), fill factor (>98%), and time response have been achieved by reversible vortex generation created by azimuthal phase delay. This phase delay can eventually be removed within the optical system so that lens performance is not affected.

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Engineering Aspheric Liquid Crystal Lenses by Using the Transmission Electrode Technique

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Design of Tunable Liquid Crystal Lenses with a Parabolic Phase Profile

Optimizing Tunable LC Devices with Twisted Light

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