Energy technology alternatives for India till 2030

Abstract

Purpose -India aspires for high economic growth of around 8-9 percent over next few years. Higher economic growth would lead to higher production and consumption, more energy use and more CO 2 emissions. At a time when CO 2 emissions reductions are becoming an important point of debate and fast erosion of fossil fuel reserves all over the world, it is necessary to identify technological choices that reduce CO 2 emission and dependence on fossil fuels. A few modeling studies have explored India's technology options. The Integrated Energy Policy (IEP) report of the Planning Commission of India presents different scenarios for energy supply. The IEP model is however an energy technology model and does not consider a feed back into the economy due to changes in technological choice. This paper aims to follow the IEP in the kind of scenario's envisaged and attempts to investigate its macro-economic impacts. Design/methodology/approach -The Integrated Research and Action for Development model is an activity analysis model that uses a social accounting matrix to account for inter-sectoral influence and which allows for a two-way interaction between energy sectors (coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity) and other sectors of the economy. This paper tries to have three scenarios that are comparable to IEP in terms of specifications and their resultant energy demand (Mtoe). Findings -The analyses prove that changing technological choice results in gross domestic product gains, and reduction in energy demand and CO 2 emission. The results show that the policies considered can have adverse welfare impacts. Originality/value -This paper helps in providing an insight into the macro-economic impacts of the IEP scenarios. The two-way dependence of technological choice and output shows the gains and loses out of moving to more costlier but low emission-based power generation technology.

Impact of carbon emissions on cost of debt-evidence from India

“…Further, the estimated GDP growth rate of India will be around 8 to 9 percent in the coming years and estimated population would be 1.35bn in 2020 which will be the second highest in the world (IndiaSpend, 2015). The resultant, this will lead to more production, energy and consumption activities, which further lead to more emission of GHG into the atmosphere (Parikh and Ghosh, 2009). However, carbon disclosure is at its nascent stage in India like other developing countries but the regulators are concerned about the climate mitigation (Sen et al , 2011).…”

Recent Updates on Energy Planning Models - A Review

“…Popescu et al [237] proposed a simulation and forecast energy model for the consumption heat in buildings. Parikh and Ghosh [238] developed an energy model to model the national economic policy. Daniel et al [239] developed a method for power system planning India.…”

Accounting for certified emission reductions (CERs) in India

“…The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) preserves the climate change in India. Keeping this, the Indian government has also taken three important climate mitigation programmes as: First, Integrated Energy Policy (2006) report has been taken place with the intention to create energy efficiencies by converting coal-based energy firms into a renewable-based with low emissions (Parikh and Ghosh, 2009). Second, the Indian government was introduced nation’s 1st National Action Plan on carbon risk mitigation as per the Copenhagen pledge (Kumar and Firoz, 2018b).…”

“…Further, the estimated GDP growth rate of India will be around 8 to 9 per cent in the coming years and estimated population would be 1.35bn in 2020 which will be the second highest in the world (IndiaSpend, 2015). The resultant, this will lead to more production, energy and consumption activities, which further lead to more emission of GHGs into the atmosphere and likelihood of issuance of environmental regulations by government (Parikh and Ghosh, 2009). So environmental reporting is increasingly getting importance in the value creation processes of the firms, but reporting standards are almost silent in this regard (Sen et al , 2011; Kumar and Firoz, 2018a).…”