Energy Security in the 1990s

Yergin, Daniel

doi:10.2307/20043677

Cited by 164 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…In the existing literature, energy security is most commonly defined as the reliable supply of energy at reasonable prices to support the economy and industry [28][29][30][31][32][33] . This traditional definition of 5 energy security has been critiqued for being too narrow and for downplaying broader social and environmental factors such as climate change or community acceptance 34 .…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring energy security performance within China: Toward an inter-provincial prospective

Zhang

Sovacool

et al. 2017

Energy

104

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ABSTRACT:China has been the world's largest energy consumer and producer for many years, yet while myriad studies have investigated Chinese performance on energy metrics compared to other countries, few to none have looked internally at Chinese provinces. This paper firstly develops a five-dimensional evaluation system centered on the energy security dimensions of availability and diversity, affordability and equality, technology and efficiency, environmental sustainability, and governance and innovation. It then correlates these dimensions to 20 distinct energy security metrics that are used to assess the energy security performance of 30 Chinese provinces, divided into eight regions. Our results reveal both trends in energy policy and practice as well as provincial status of comparative energy security for the year 2013. We find, for instance, that there is no province which performs well in all five of the energy security dimensions, and that all provinces confronted threats related to energy availability and diversity. We also demonstrate that in comparative terms, the Middle Reaches of Yellow River and the Northwest were the most energysecure, while the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River and the Northeast were least energy-secure.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring energy security performance within China: Toward an inter-provincial prospective

Zhang

Sovacool

et al. 2017

Energy

104

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“…Echoing this logic, an energy policy problem is an energy security issue if it is presented and perceived as affecting the stability (and in critical situations, the survival) of a nation [20], the 'functioning' [21] and 'continuity' [22] of the economy or the realization of 'major national values and objectives' [23].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-requires identifying critical vulnerabilities of vital energy systems [26]. Energy systems can be disrupted by unexpected and drastic but relatively short-lived events, called shocks [23], or by gradually unfolding long-term pressures called stresses [28] [22]. Disruptions may occur as interruptions of the physical flows of energy, or as disruptive price movements [29] [22] [23].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy systems can be disrupted by unexpected and drastic but relatively short-lived events, called shocks [23], or by gradually unfolding long-term pressures called stresses [28] [22]. Disruptions may occur as interruptions of the physical flows of energy, or as disruptive price movements [29] [22] [23]. The origins of disruptions can be classified into three groups: intentional actions by foreign actors (the sovereignty perspective), predictable technical and natural risks (the robustness perspective), and the remaining factors which are neither intentional actions nor predictable phenomena (the resilience perspective) [20].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Securitization of energy supply chains in China

et al. 2014

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Energy policies in China, the world's largest energy consumer, are an important factor in shaping the global energy system. While scholars agree that energy security is a major driver of China's energy policies, there is insufficient understanding of what exactly constitutes China's energy security from the policy perspective. We apply recent insights from the Global Energy Assessment, particularly the idea of vital energy systems, and the securitization theory to propose a framework for explaining China's energy security policies in their historic evolution. We pay specific attention to explaining how particular energy supply chains are constructed and securitized. We draw data from over 300 Chinese and over 100 English publications and 30 interviews with energy officials and experts in China. We demonstrate that China's focus on vulnerabilities of its oil supply chain at the expense of improving the reliability of domestic electricity supply is not accidental. It has its roots in historic events, properties of energy systems, as well as the presence of powerful institutional agents interested in securitizing the oil supply chain but not other vital energy systems. We suggest that this focus on the oil supply chain is likely to be maintained in the future, possibly accompanied by increasing concerns over natural gas supply chains. Our proposed framework for energy security policy analysis can be used for other countries and jurisdictions.

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“…(Yergin, 1988) as well as the Global Energy Assessment (GEA) Riahi, Dentener, et al, 2012a). The GEA approach (conceptually explained in Cherp and Jewell (2011a,b;) has provided the methodological basis for our analysis as the most recent and the most comprehensive authoritative study of global energy security.…”

Section: Energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

ENERGY SECURITY OF CHINA, INDIA, THE E.U. AND THE U.S. UNDER LONG-TERM SCENARIOS: RESULTS FROM SIX IAMs

Jewell

Cherp²,

Vinichenko³

et al. 2013

Clim. Change Econ.

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This paper assesses energy security in three long-term energy scenarios (a business as usual development, a projection of Copenhagen commitments, and a 450 ppm stabilization scenario) as modeled in six integrated assessment models: GCAM, IMAGE, MESSAGE, ReMIND, TIAM-ECN and WITCH. We systematically evaluate potential long-term vulnerabilities of vital energy systems of four major economies: China, the European Union, India and the U.S., as expressed by several characteristics of energy trade, resource extraction, and diversity of energy options. Our results show that climate policies are likely to lead to significantly lower global energy trade and reduce energy imports of major economies, decrease the rate of resource depletion, and increase the diversity of energy options, particularly in the especially vulnerable transportation sector. China, India and the E.U. will derive particularly strong benefits from climate policies, whereas the U.S. may forego some opportunities to export fossil fuels in the second half of the century.Manuscript in publication. Do not cite or circulate.

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Energy Security in the 1990s

Cited by 164 publications

References 0 publications

Measuring energy security performance within China: Toward an inter-provincial prospective

Measuring energy security performance within China: Toward an inter-provincial prospective

Securitization of energy supply chains in China

ENERGY SECURITY OF CHINA, INDIA, THE E.U. AND THE U.S. UNDER LONG-TERM SCENARIOS: RESULTS FROM SIX IAMs

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