Energy policy scenarios to reach challenging climate protection targets in the German electricity sector until 2050

Nagl, Stephan; Fürsch, Michaela; Paulus, Moritz; Richter, Jan; Trüby, Johannes; Lindenberger, Dietmar

doi:10.1016/j.jup.2011.05.001

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In 2010, 15 of the 17 nuclear power plants (NPPs) produced 141 TWh of gross electricity 3 . Official energy projections in 2010, which analysed the effects of the prolongation of nuclear lifetimes (BMWi 2010;Nagl et al 2011) 4 , predicted simi--lar levels of production until 2020. Renewables contributed 103 TWh in 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To support the political decision of a lifetime expansion, in the autumn of 2010 the gov--ernment contracted a scenario study (BMWi 2010;Nagl et al 2011). By using an elec--tricity market model the study predicted lower electricity prices for scenarios with longer lifetime extensions until 2030.…”

Section: Electricity Price Effects Of a Complete Nuclear Phase--outmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blown by the wind. Replacing nuclear power in German electricity generation

Lechtenböhmer

Samadi

2013

Environmental Science & Policy

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Only three days after the beginning of the nuclear catastrophe in Fukushima, Japan, on 11 March 2011, the German government ordered 8 of the country's 17 existing nuclear power plants (NPPs) to stop operating within a few days. In summer 2011 the govern--ment put forward a law -passed in parliament by a large majority -that calls for a com--plete nuclear phase--out by the end of 2022. These government actions were in contrast to its initial plans, laid out in fall 2010, to expand the lifetimes of the country's NPPs.The immediate closure of 8 NPPs and the plans for a complete nuclear phase--out within little more than a decade, raised concerns about Germany's ability to secure a stable supply of electricity. Some observers feared power supply shortages, increasing CO2--emissions and a need for Germany to become a net importer of electricity. Now -a little more than a year after the phase--out law entered into force -this paper ex--amines these concerns using a) recent statistical data on electricity production and de--mand in the first 15 months after the German government's immediate reaction to the Fukushima accident and b) reviews the most recent projections and scenarios by differ--ent stakeholders on how the German electricity system may develop until 2025, when NPPs will no longer be in operation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electricity Price Effects Of a Complete Nuclear Phase--outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blown by the wind. Replacing nuclear power in German electricity generation

Lechtenböhmer

Samadi

2013

Environmental Science & Policy

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“…Several worldwide organizations are focused on this problem and, among them, the European Union has set several guidelines in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One of the newest (i.e., Roadmap 2050) has set strict targets, aiming to achieve a reduction of 80%-95% with respect to 1990 emission values [1,2]. Therefore, changes in energy production are needed and, in this respect, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered very promising due to their zero-emission energy production process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Non-Conventional Micro-Porous Layers for PEM Fuel Cells

et al. 2015

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Gas diffusion medium (GDM) is a crucial component in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Being composed of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) with a micro-porous layer (MPL) coated onto it, it ensures a proper water management due to the highly hydrophobic materials employed in cell assembly. In current commercial applications, the desired water repellent behaviour is usually obtained by using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In this work, Fluorolink ® P56 (Solvay Specialty Polymers, Milan, Italy), a commercially available, anionic, segmented high molecular weight polyfluorourethane with perfluoropolyether groups was extensively evaluated as an alternative to PTFE for micro-porous layer hydrophobization. A change in polymer used is desirable in order to simplify the production process, both in terms of ink formulation and thermal treatment, as well as to get a higher hydrophobicity and, consequently, more efficient water management. Innovative prepared samples were compared to a PTFE-based GDM, in order to assess differences both from morphological and from an electrochemical point of view.

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“…Simultaneously, the political objective is to increase energy efficiency (see e. g. proposal for the directive on energy efficiency (EC 2011)) and to greenhouse gas emissions (e. g. Erdmenger et al 2009). From the German perspective these challenges might be tremendous due to the ambitious aim of CO 2 emission reduction of up to 80 % in 2050 compared to 1990 levels (e. g. Nagl et al 2011;BMU 2010) and the nuclear phase-out until 2022 (German Atomic Energy LawAtG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the share on conventional power generation (coal, nuclear, natural gas, and oil) was above 80 % in 2008, it is supposed to be below 50 % in 2050 (Nagl et al 2011, andEWI et al 2010). EWI et al (2010) This increase in power generation from renewable sources, together with the trend to heat driven 1 domestic combined heat power plants (CHP), leads to a higher feed-in of "uncontrolled" electricity generation in the lower voltage grid levels (distribution grid).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Integrate Electric Vehicles in the Future Energy System?

Jochem

Kaschub

Fïchtner

2013

Evolutionary Paths Towards the Mobility Patterns of the Future

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This paper has been prepared for the "final conference of the socio-economic research of the 'Model region Electric Mobility Bremen/Oldenburg'", 18 th and 19 th August 2011 at Jacobs University in Bremen. AbstractMain challenges within the energy system of tomorrow are more volatile, less controllable and at the same time more decentralized electricity generation. Furthermore, the increasing research and development activities on electric vehicles (EV) make a significant share of electric vehicles within the passenger car fleet in 2030 more and more likely. This will lead to a further increase of power demand during peak hours.Answers to these challenges are seen, besides measures on the electricity supply side (e. g. investing in more flexible power plants or storage plants), in (1) grid extensions, which are expensive and time consuming due to local acceptance, and in (2) influencing electricity demand by different demand side management (DSM) approaches. Automatic delayed charging of electric vehicles as one demand side management approach can help to avoid peaks in household load curves and, even more, increase the low electricity demand during the night. This facilitates integrating more volatile regenerative power sources, too.Bidirectional charging (V2G) and storing of electricity extends the possibilities to integrate electric vehicles into the grid. But, comparing electricity storage costs and availability of electric vehicles with costs and technical conditions of other technologies leads to the conclusion, that vehicle to grid (V2G) is currently not competitive -but might be competitive in the future, e. g. within the electricity reserve market.In summary, the paper gives an overview of the future electricity market with the focus on electric vehicles and argues for automatic delayed charging of electric vehicles due to economic and technical reasons.

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Energy policy scenarios to reach challenging climate protection targets in the German electricity sector until 2050

Cited by 42 publications

References 5 publications

Blown by the wind. Replacing nuclear power in German electricity generation

Blown by the wind. Replacing nuclear power in German electricity generation

Development and Characterization of Non-Conventional Micro-Porous Layers for PEM Fuel Cells

How to Integrate Electric Vehicles in the Future Energy System?

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