Energy partitioning dynamics of drying terrestrial surfaces

Linking evaporative fluxes from bare soil across surface viscous sublayer with the Monin–Obukhov atmospheric flux-profile estimates

“…Additional tests are required to assess the general usefulness of the proposed approach for natural surfaces under field conditions; nevertheless, the surface-profile matching approach offers physically consistent incorporation of atmospheric conditions into surface-based methods including those based on surface thermal signatures (e.g., Aminzadeh and Or, 2014;Haghighi and Or, 2015). Similarly, the approach offers a means for consistent and physically based inclusion of bare soil surface characteristics and effects of surface drying into the widely used MOST-based methods.…”

“…The solution makes a distinction between the C s ðT s Þ over evaporating pores and zero flux (@C=@z ¼ 0) over dry surfaces resulting in 3D vapor shells forming over individual evaporating pores within the viscous sublayer (see Fig. 1) (Schlünder, 1988;Shahraeeni et al, 2012;Aminzadeh and Or, 2014). These insights and intrinsic surface resistance (as the core of the surface BL-based model that feeds into the MOST) are finally treated as an ''effective'' 1D surface flux for all practical applications (Schlünder, 1988; enabling the application of Eq.…”

A generalized complementary relationship between actual and potential evaporation defined by a reference surface temperature

“…The new formulation employs a surface element centered around an evaporating pore (i.e., a pore-scale representation) and directly links surface energy balance components including surface resistance due to pore-scale diffusive interactions [Aminzadeh and Or, 2014]. We then postulate a hypothetical steady state condition where the drying surface and the air reach a common equilibrium temperature.…”

“…Hence, for a surface building block composed of an evaporating pore surrounded by dry surface ( Figure 2) the resulting coupled energy balance (equation 12) can be expressed explicitly in terms of T ss as: Figure 2. Schematic sketch of an evaporating porous medium with surface energy balance components and a surface overlain by unit cells centered on an evaporating pore (for details, see Aminzadeh and Or [2014]). The reduction of surface water content during surface drying is represented by an increase in the dry region around individual wet pores on the surface (brown circles).…”

Evaporation suppression and energy balance of water reservoirs covered with self-assembling floating elements

“…In shallow reservoirs, one must consider the energy balance at the reservoir bottom and heat exchange with soil profile beneath. Hence, in a shallow reservoir with depth D, the energy balance at the bottom and related heat flux are expressed as: (Shahraeeni and Or, 2011;Aminzadeh and Or, 2014 …”