Energy gain of D-T targets for inertial confinement fusion

Atzeni, S.; Caruso, A.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/23/8/011

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In contrast with the analytic gain models for ICF targets published earlier, we have employed a self-similar solution of hydrodynamic equations to approximate the dynamical behaviour of the DT fuel near the time of ignition. This solution provides a suitable parametric description of spark ignited fuel configurations which is more accurate than the previous schemes based on either the isochoric [5, 61 or isobaric [7,8,111 approximations. We use this parametrization to examine the behaviour of the gain curves constructed for fixed values of the cold fuel entropy parameter a and implosion velocity Ui,, and to derive the scaling of the ignition threshold Emin with a and Ui,, and of the limiting fuel gain G; with E (E is the energy invested in the DT fuel).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

Basko¹

1995

Nucl. Fusion

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ABSTRACT. A new gain model based on an adiabatic self-similar solution of the hydrodynamic equations is proposed for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets ignited by means of a thermonuclear spark at the fuel centre. The model is applied to analyse gain curves corresponding to fixed values of the implosion velocity 4,. It is shown that the adequate ignition criterion, allowing for the inertia of the cold fuel, implies psRsTs a U,, at the time of ignition, as contrasted to fixed values of the spark areal density, p,R,, and the temperature, T,, assumed in many of the earlier publications. The modified ignition condition leads to the scaling E,,, 0: . ' U , : and G; a ( E / o~~) ' .~ for the ignition energy threshold, E,,,, and the limiting fuel gain, G;, of ICF capsules; CY is the isentrope parameter of the cold fuel, E is the energy invested in the DT fuel. Stability and symmetry constraints do not affect this scaling when the initial aspect ratio of the fusion capsule A. > 1; in the opposite case of initially thick capsule shells, the scaling of E,,, and G; with U,, and 01 becomes ill defined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

Basko¹

1995

Nucl. Fusion

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“…We find that IFE relevant gains (G F 1000) require fuel energy in excess of about 50 kJ and mass larger than about 0.5 mg. The pressure on the optimal gain curve is [22] p = 240 α 1/5 m −8/15 mg Gbar (13) where m mg is the fuel mass in milligrams, which shows that the smaller the fuel mass (and hence the driver energy), the higher is the fuel pressure. Analogous considerations apply to the specific energy and the density.…”

Section: Inertial Fusion: Principles and Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4. Fuel energy gain against fuel energy for two values of the isentrope parameter α and several fuel masses, computed from the isobaric fuel gain model[21,22]. IFE conditions are represented by the grey area indicated as operating window.…”

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confidence: 99%

Laser-plasma interaction and high-pressure generation for inertial fusion and basic science¹

Atzeni

2000

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Short-wavelength pulsed lasers can generate extreme conditions in small samples of matter. In particular, nanosecond pulses of submicrometre wavelength can drive collisional shock waves with pressures even in excess of 100 Mbar. A major application is inertial confinement fusion (ICF), but simulation of astrophysical processes and materials studies are receiving increasing attention. In this paper, the fundamentals of ablative pressure generation in the collisional absorption regime are first reviewed. The basic ICF requirements and practical schemes for the achievement of the needed pressures (of the order of 100 Gbar) are then considered. Issues concerning energy coupling, pressure amplification, shock uniformity, and hydrodynamic stability are briefly addressed. In conclusion, a few achievements are mentioned, and their implications for planned ICF ignition experiments are discussed.

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“…The design of an ICF target requires complicated calculations involving issues like thermo-and hydrodynamics of fluids, plasma properties from the range of coronal plasma to very dense and very hot plasmas, transport of radiation in these plasmas and beam target coupling mechanisms, etc. To circumvent these difficulties, simple analytical models [9][10][11][12] have been formulated to estimate the driver energy requirement. The primary quantity calculated in these models is the target gain G:…”

Section: Driver Energy Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin polarized ICF targets

Goel¹,

Heeringa

1988

Nucl. Fusion

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Parallel spin polarization of D and T increases the fusion cross-section by 50%, which may lead to a reduction in the ICF driver energy requirement by a factor of about two. The non-isotropic emission of fusion products may help in prolonging the life of the sensitive parts of the ICF reactor system. After briefly explaining the basic principles responsible for these effects, the paper examines the feasibility of polarizing solid D-T targets. It is shown that this may be accomplished with the technology available at present, provided pure D-T is available. The spin polarized ICF target will not experience any noticeable depolarization during the compression and burn phases. This is shown on the example of the HIBALL target.

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Energy gain of D-T targets for inertial confinement fusion

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

Laser-plasma interaction and high-pressure generation for inertial fusion and basic science¹

Spin polarized ICF targets

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Energy gain of D-T targets for inertial confinement fusion

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

On the scaling of the energy gain of ICF targets

Laser-plasma interaction and high-pressure generation for inertial fusion and basic science1

Spin polarized ICF targets

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Laser-plasma interaction and high-pressure generation for inertial fusion and basic science¹