Spin polarized ICF targets

Goel, B.; Heeringa, W.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/28/3/001

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Shortly thereafter, the same concept was proposed for ICF systems by More [21]. It has also been estimated that during the short duration of an ICF implosion the depolarization of the fuel should be negligible [21,22] and a possible experimental verification of the persistence of the polarization has been proposed [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized DT fuel

et al. 2012

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The nuclear fusion cross-section is modified when the spins of the interacting nuclei are polarized. In the case of deuterium-tritium it has been theoretically predicted that the nuclear fusion cross-section could be increased by a factor S = 1.5 if all the nuclei were polarized. In inertial confinement fusion this would result in a modification of the required ignition conditions. Using numerical simulations it is found that the required hot-spot temperature and areal density can both be reduced by about 15% for a fully polarized nuclear fuel. Moreover, numerical simulations of a directly driven capsule show that the required laser power and energy to achieve a high gain scale as 5~°6 and S~°A respectively, while the maximum achievable energy gain scales as 5° 9 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized DT fuel

et al. 2012

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“…where HB = 4Aom,cs/(vu) ((vu) is the Maxwellian averaged fusion rate of a D=T mixture, c, is the sound velocity and A. is the atomic number of the fuel), and H, is the target ICF parameter including the effects of the fuel and the pusher [5, 10, 14, 221: As shown in Refs [5] and [22], the pusher ICF parameter is typically as effective as the fuel ICF parameter, and, therefore, Eqs ( 24) and ( 25) represent an adequate manner to include the pusher tamping effects. In the current literature, it is also normal to consider these effects by reducing the burn parameter HB by a factor (1 + mp/mf) ' I 2 [29]. In the present model, both options produce essentially the same results, but we have chosen Eq.…”

Section: Target Gain Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy gain of spherical shell targets in inertial confinement fusion

Piriz

Wouchuk

1992

Nucl. Fusion

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An analytical model for the energy gain of a spherical shell target is developed. Realistic ignition profiles are calculated in a consistent way, taking into account the implosion phase. The restrictions on the hot spot size posed by the symmetry requirements are included in the model, and scaling relations for the fuel and the implosion parameters are obtained. The target gain is found to be strongly dependent on the ratio between the hot spot size and the initial target radius, whereas the preheating effects by radiation or hot electrons are seen to be less deleterious in this model than in previous models The presence of a relatively heavy layer around the fuel, which acts as a pusher during the implosion phase, has multiple effects on the energy gain

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“…In addition, the use of spin‐polarized fuel can lead to an anisotropic emission of α ‐ particles in the fusion reaction product. This anisotropy spatially concentrates the plasma self‐heating and leads to the development of fuel ignition . In ICF, a large portion of the driver energy must be converted to fusion energy of the nuclear fuel for reaching a high gain of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the particle spin properties on the velocity space instability in high‐density plasmas

Khanzadeh

Mahdavi

2017

Contrib. Plasma Phys

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The nonresonant electromagnetic instabilities of the anisotropic velocity space (Weibel-like) have always been one of the interesting subjects for researchers. These electromagnetic instabilities play an important role in generating strong magnetic fields in laboratory plasmas for applications such as inertial confinement fusion and space plasmas. In this paper, we investigate the quantum effects of the particle spin on the electromagnetic instabilities. In the case of the presence of a magnetic dipole force and an electron precession frequency like the Vlasov equation, we derive the full quantum equation. This study shows that, in the presence of the spin-polarized effects, the growth rate of the instabilities is reduced compared to the classical cases and will not arise for low fractions of the temperature anisotropy for different values of the magnetic field. Indeed, it is expected that the probability of electron capture in the background magnetic fields and the effective collision with the particle increase because of the spin effect, so that a high portion of the electron energy is transmitted to the background plasma, and the temperature anisotropy governing the electron distribution is reduced. KEYWORDS electron precession frequency, magnetic dipole force, nonresonant instability, temperature anisotropy INTRODUCTIONQuantum plasma physics has many applications, for example, in the fields of high-intensity laser-plasma interaction, [1,2] metal and semiconductor nanostructures, [3,4] and astrophysical plasmas. [5,6] The electron density in semiconductors is much smaller than that in metals but the de Broglie wavelength of the charge carriers is comparable to the spatial scale of the profile. Therefore, the quantum effects associated with quantum tunneling particle dispersive effects (delocalized wave functions) can become important. As is known, the spin motions of quantum systems and the magnetization related to the intrinsic spin can be important in semiconductors, in metal alloys, and, more generally, in magnetic nanostructures. [7][8][9][10] For example, it is known that magnetic moment motion allows the magnetoresistive read-heads to respond to the bits of hard disks for memory. In the field of laser plasmas, in particular inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasmas, the spin-polarized fuel idea was proposed initially by More. [11] Investigations have shown that the thermonuclear cross-section can increase by 50% by using spin-polarized D-T fuel. Consequently, the ignition thresholds can be reduced and the fraction of the fuel burned can be increased before target disassembly. Also, the driver energy required can be reduced by the spin-polarized fuel. In addition, the use of spin-polarized fuel can lead to an anisotropic emission of -particles in the fusion reaction product. This anisotropy spatially concentrates the plasma self-heating and leads to the development of fuel ignition. [12][13][14] In ICF, a large portion of the driver energy must be converted to fusion energy of the nuclear fuel for reachin...

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Spin polarized ICF targets

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized DT fuel

Ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized DT fuel

Energy gain of spherical shell targets in inertial confinement fusion

Investigation of the particle spin properties on the velocity space instability in high‐density plasmas

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