Energy Equation Derivation of the Oil-Gas Flow in Pipelines

Duan, Jimiao; Wang, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zheng, Lihui; Liu, H.S.; Gong, Jing

doi:10.2516/ogst/2012020

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The continuity equation and momentum equation are also called hydraulic equations, and the energy equation is also called the thermodynamic equation. These equations can be written in a general form (Sanaye and Mahmoudimehr, 2012;Zheng et al, 2012;Duan et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015Wang et al, , 2018, as shown in Equation 1, and the parameters of the general form are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive implicit finite difference method for natural gas pipeline transient flow

Wang

Han

et al. 2018

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP Energies nouvel

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The implicit finite difference method is one of the most widely applied methods for transient natural gas simulation. However, this implicit method is associated with high computational cost. To improve the simulation efficiency of implicit finite difference method, an adaptive strategy is introduced into the simulation process. The proposed adaptive strategy consists of the adaptive time step strategy and the adaptive spatial grid strategy. And these two parts are implemented based on the local error technique and the multilevel grid technique respectively. The results illustrate that the proposed adaptive method can automatically and independently adjust the time step and the spatial grid system according to the gas flow state in the simulation process, and demonstrates a significant advantage in terms of computational accuracy and efficiency compared with the non-adaptive method.

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Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive implicit finite difference method for natural gas pipeline transient flow

Wang

Han

et al. 2018

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP Energies nouvel

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“…According to the operating conditions (pressure, temperature, liquid and gas superficial velocities, pipe orientation, and fluid properties) [2], both phases will be distributed in a certain topology called flow pattern. The knowledge of the latter is required for a better estimation of the hydrodynamics, thermal properties [3], choice of models closures in transient multiphase flow simulation codes [4,5], as well as for the modeling of flow assurance phenomena such as wax deposition [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset of intermittent flow: Visualization of flow structures

Arabi

Salhi

Bouderbal

et al. 2021

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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The transition from stratified to intermittent air-water two-phase flow was investigated experimentally, by flow visualization and pressure drop signals analyses, in a 30 mm ID pipe. The intermittent flow’s onset was found to be mainly dependent on the liquid superficial velocity and the pipe diameter. Plug flow, Less Aerated Slug (LAS) or Highly Aerated Slug (HAS) flows could be obtained on the gas superficial velocity grounds. The available models, compared to experiments, could not predict adequately the intermittent flow onset. The appearance of liquid slugs was revealed by peaks in the pressure drop signal. Furthermore, it was shown that the available slug frequency correlations were not valid in the zone of the onset of intermittent flow.

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“…For example, it is shown by Ahmed [3] that at temperature around 288, 15°k, wax will start to form inside the pipeline and at temperature below 313, 15°k, combine with high-pressure gas hydrates will occur. As results of these issues, pipe effective flow area may reduce and if serious, blockage may occur [4]. In subsea area, the interaction between the cold surrounding water and the warm flowing fluids inside pipeline is a major cause of temperature drop, which is responsible of some flow assurance issues such as wax deposition, and risk of hydrates formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly to the work done by Zulkefli and Pao [5], this paper focuses on choosing and sizing of an insulation material to meet an output temperature of an oil and gas transporting pipelines in a subsea area from a wellhead to a surface processing plant. The particular points of this work that differ from [4] are:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of the Minimum Insulation Thickness to Thermally Design a Subsea Pipeline Carrying an Oil and Gas Flow

Noumo¹,

Nana²,

Nguewo³

2021

IJHT

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This paper considered an existing subsea pipeline transporting an oil and gas flow, and proposed to find the best thermal insulating material and the required thickness of insulation necessary to meet an output temperature of 40℃ and a pressure of 2.4MPa so as to avoid flow assurance issues. MATLAB and PIPESIM software were employed to run the simulations of the temperature and pressure profiles along the considered pipeline. Data used for the simulations were obtained from open literature. Results obtained from our simulations in MATLAB are validated using PIPESIM software, measured values and prediction model from literature. The temperature model was then used to thermally design an insulation thickness for the 50 km long pipeline using three insulating materials which are: black aerogel, polyurethane and calcium silicate. Results from the analysis showed that the black Aerogel material with a critical thickness of 10.16 cm is most effective to satisfy the criterion design. The effect of the selected insulating material was also investigated on the phase envelop. Results shows that for proper insulation thickness the flowing fluid temperature can be maintained at a temperature above which no flow assurance issues can be observed.

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Energy Equation Derivation of the Oil-Gas Flow in Pipelines

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Adaptive implicit finite difference method for natural gas pipeline transient flow

Adaptive implicit finite difference method for natural gas pipeline transient flow

Onset of intermittent flow: Visualization of flow structures

Numerical Simulation of the Minimum Insulation Thickness to Thermally Design a Subsea Pipeline Carrying an Oil and Gas Flow

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