Energy Efficient Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey and Approach

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks have limited resources with traditional data gathering techniques. One of the limitations of wireless sensor nodes is its inherent limited energy resource. Therefore, designing an effective wireless sensor network to maximizing the lifetime of sensor node in order to minimize maintenance and maximize overall system performance becomes important. In this article, we have outlined the design factors and challenges in sensor networks. Then, we describe several MAC layer and routing layer protocols proposed for sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an adaptive approach to find an optimal routing path from source to sink when the sensor nodes are deployed randomly deployed in a restricted service area with single sink. Our analysis says our approach reduces the message communication to find a optimal routing path. Hence, the network consumes less energy and increases the lifetime of the network.

Prolonging wireless sensor network lifetime in stealth mode through intelligent data compression

“…Sensors use their batteries in order to sample, process, and transmit the data. There are many studies to optimize WSN energy dissipation characteristics and to avoid high energy consumption in WSNs at all levels of the protocol stack (e.g., hardware, signal processing, communication, and different levels of network protocols [13]). It is shown that to obtain an efficient and productive WSN framework, all the nodes should use their energies evenly [1].…”

Survey on Data-Centric based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The query is sent back via the same path or through the shortest path to the sink when it is ready and resolved. This is a good approach as complex data queries get response from various nodes (Sahoo et al, 2012).…”

“…However, if a node or path fails there is no recovery, unlike the case of directed diffusion. Finally, compared to directed diffusion, gathering info about location and also setting nodes' addressing mechanism make the route setting complicated (Sahoo et al, 2012). …”

Turbo codes for multi-hop wireless sensor networks with decode-and-forward mechanism

“…Routing protocols defines routing paths from the source nodes through the other nodes to the base station. Routing paths are optimized to maximize data compression and network throughput [5] or network lifetime [6] or minimizing power consumption in the network [7]. Different routing and MAC protocols [8,9] are presented in the literature to tackle different WSN problems, but most of these works neglect the noisy nature of the wireless channels.…”