Energy-efficient context-aware user association for outdoor small cell heterogeneous networks

Mesοdiakaki, Agapi; Adelantado, Ferrán; Alonso, Luis; Verikoukis, Christos

doi:10.1109/icc.2014.6883553

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Preliminary results of this research have been published in [16]. However, in this paper, we provide the following contributions:…”

Section: A State-of-the-art and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, for each UE, it considers the total transmit power consumption needed (both AN and BH) to serve its traffic. This association metric relaxes the assumption of [16] that all BH links are homogeneous, by considering the actual transmit power consumption of each BH link and not just the number of hops.…”

Section: A State-of-the-art and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without loss of generality, we assume ideal electronics in terms of power efficiency and therefore the load dependent power consumption part becomes equal to the radio frequency (RF) transmit power consumption part, which is given by [16] …”

Section: B Power Consumption Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy- and Spectrum-Efficient User Association in Millimeter-Wave Backhaul Small-Cell Networks

Mesοdiakaki¹,

Adelantado²,

Alonso³

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Abstract-Macrocells are expected to be densely overlaid by small cells (SCs) to meet the increasing capacity demands. Due to their dense deployment, some SCs will not be connected directly to the core network and thus they may forward their traffic to the neighboring SCs until they reach it, thereby forming a multi-hop backhaul (BH) network. This is a promising solution, since the expected short length of BH links enables the use of millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies to provide high capacity BH. In this context, user association becomes challenging due to the multihop BH architecture and therefore new optimal solutions should be developed. Thus, in this paper, we study the user association problem aiming at the joint maximization of network energy and spectrum efficiency, without compromising the user quality of service. The problem is formulated as an ε-constraint problem, which considers the transmit energy consumption both in the access network, i.e., the links between the users and their serving cells, and the BH links. The optimal Pareto front solutions of the problem are analytically derived for different BH technologies and insights are gained into the energy and spectrum efficiency trade-off. The proposed optimal solutions, despite their high complexity, can be used as a benchmark for the performance evaluation of user association algorithms. We also propose a heuristic algorithm, which is compared with reference solutions under different traffic distribution scenarios and BH technologies. Our results motivate the use of mmWave BH, while the proposed algorithm is shown to achieve near-optimal performance.

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“…Preliminary results of this research have been published in [16]. However, in this paper, we provide the following contributions:…”

Section: A State-of-the-art and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A State-of-the-art and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Energy- and Spectrum-Efficient User Association in Millimeter-Wave Backhaul Small-Cell Networks

Mesοdiakaki¹,

Adelantado²,

Alonso³

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

Self Cite

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“…A context-aware and backhaul-energy-aware heuristic algorithm is proposed in [23], that first sorts candidate cells in descending order based on radio access energy efficiency, then selects those with minimum number of backhaul hops (i.e. less energy consumption), and last checks for available resources on the selected cells, moving to the next in list in case of shortage.…”

Section: ) Backhaul-energy-awarementioning

confidence: 99%

A Distributed SON-Based User-Centric Backhaul Provisioning Scheme

et al. 2016

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5G definition and standardization projects are well underway, and governing characteristics and major challenges have been identified. A critical network element impacting the potential performance of 5G networks is the backhaul, which is expected to expand in length and breadth to cater to the exponential growth of small cells while offering high throughput in the order of gigabit per second and less than 1 ms latency with high resilience and energy efficiency. Such performance may only be possible with direct optical fiber connections that are often not available country-wide and are cumbersome and expensive to deploy. On the other hand, a prime 5G characteristic is diversity, which describes the radio access network, the backhaul, and also the types of user applications and devices. Thus, we propose a novel, distributed, selfoptimized, end-to-end user-cell-backhaul association scheme that intelligently associates users with candidate cells based on corresponding dynamic radio and backhaul conditions while abiding by users' requirements. Radio cells broadcast multiple bias factors, each reflecting a dynamic performance indicator (DPI) of the end-to-end network performance such as capacity, latency, resilience, energy consumption, and so on. A given user would employ these factors to derive a user-centric cell ranking that motivates it to select the cell with radio and backhaul performance that conforms to the user requirements. Reinforcement learning is used at the radio cells to optimise the bias factors for each DPI in a way that maximise the system throughput while minimising the gap between the users' achievable and required end-to-end quality of experience (QoE). Preliminary results show considerable improvement in users' QoE and cumulative system throughput when compared with the state-of-the-art user-cell association schemes.INDEX TERMS Backhaul, fronthaul, user-centric, user-cell association, SON, reinforcement learning, multiple attribute decision making.

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“…Examples of RAN/BH awareness are many, such as backhaul aware resource allocation (e.g., [6]) and cell association (e.g., [7]). Authors in [8] use a centralised optimisation mechanism to adjust the cell range extension offset, in order to minimise the mean network packet delay.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Advances On Joint Ran/backhaul Optimisamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the joint optimisation of radio access and backhaul networks

Jaber

Imran

Tafazolli

et al. 2017

2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electrical Engineering and Computational Technologies (ICIEECT)

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Abstract-The distinction between the radio access network and the backhaul network is disappearing with emerging advanced features. The backhaul is invading the radio assess spectrum to enable wireless in-band connections and the radio network is overlapping with the transport network through cloud processing and distributed functions. As such, it is of pivotal importance to approach the optimisation of the radio and transport networks jointly to avoid suboptimum operation and problem shifting. In this work, we present a critical analysis of the motivations, state-of-the-art advances, and potential benefits and challenges of joint RAN/backhaul optimisation.

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Energy-efficient context-aware user association for outdoor small cell heterogeneous networks

Cited by 68 publications

References 10 publications

Energy- and Spectrum-Efficient User Association in Millimeter-Wave Backhaul Small-Cell Networks

Energy- and Spectrum-Efficient User Association in Millimeter-Wave Backhaul Small-Cell Networks

A Distributed SON-Based User-Centric Backhaul Provisioning Scheme

On the joint optimisation of radio access and backhaul networks

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