Energy Efficiency of the IEEE 802. 15. 4 Standard in Wireless Sensor Networks: Modeling and Improvement Perspectives

Abstract

The IEEE focuses on the physical and MAC layer of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) works on Network layer and higher in the seven layer OSI reference model for networking. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard, defines the physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) sub layer specifications for low-data-rate wireless connectivity with fixed, portable, and moving devices with no battery or very limited battery consumption requirements. In this paper, the energy consumption of a practical Wireless Sensor Network scenario is modeled at the bottom three layers of the traditional networking stack-the physical layer, data link layer and the MAC layer. Using these models, the optimization of energy consumption of WSN nodes is achieved using different modulation schemes to maximize the network lifetime. The approach is to design and simulate a wireless sensor network scenario consisting of 12 nodes in 500x500 m area and optimize the energy consumption (radio energy + circuit energy) of each node using suitable modulation techniques and reduce the Energy Consumption up to 80% in a home automation scenario.

Enhancement in lifetime of sensor node using Data Reduction Technique in Wireless Sensor Network

“…Each node should select a random number between the interval 0 &1. If the generated random number is less than threshold then the node becomes a CH [6] for current round. Threshold is obtained by using the following formula:…”

Selection of Optimum Routing Protocol for 2D and 3D WSN

“…Different standard agencies and governing bodies are trying to integrate a wide variety of proposals for Wireless Sensor Network technology. Recent advances in the area of wireless communication and embedded systems have enabled the development of low cost, small size, low power, multi-functional sensor nodes that can communicate over short distance through autonomous wireless environment [11].Each node in a WSN has the capability of sensing, processing and propagating the sensed data to other nodes and all the processes in WSN communication system requires energy and for this, each node have to rely on onboard batteries shown in Figure 1. Recharging or Replacement of these batteries is quite difficult.…”