Energy efficiency index for water supply systems

Carravetta, Armando; Conte, M. C.; Antipodi, Lauro

doi:10.1109/aeit.2015.7415272

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, the lack of any constraints fixing a minimum value of produced power is definitely a weakness of the study [20]. Such weakness is overcome in this study by the minimum power constraint in Equation (9). On the other hand, the proposed optimization is penalized if compared with the procedure performed by Fecarotta and McNabola [20].…”

Section: Preliminary Results In Average Conditionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The employment of energy production devices (EPDs), such as turbines or micro-turbines [5,6], pumps as turbines (PATs) [7], has been proved to be a good strategy to increase the energy efficiency [8,9] of water distribution networks. Indeed, unlike the traditional pressure reducing valves (PRVs) [10], which dissipate, thus lose, the excess pressure in the network, the EPDs convert such pressure in energy, thus ensuring both energy and water savings [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Preliminary Model to Optimize PATs Location in a Water Distribution Network

Morani

Carravetta

d'Ambrosio

et al. 2020

The 4th EWaS International Conference: Valuing the Water, Carbon, Ecological Footprints of Human Activities

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Water distribution networks are low-energy efficiency systems, due to the high energy consumption, as well as the large amount of water leakage, which are caused by high pressures in the networks. In this study, the optimal location of pumps as turbines (PATs) within a water distribution network is investigated in order to maximize the production of energy and water savings, as well as minimize installation costs. A literature mathematical model has been employed as reference model and the weaknesses of this previous study have been overcome by new constraints. The main preliminary results of the new optimization procedure will be presented and compared with the literature results. According to the results, the new optimization ensures a good solution, in term of water and energy savings, with low investment cost and a fast return in investment.

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Section: Preliminary Results In Average Conditionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Preliminary Model to Optimize PATs Location in a Water Distribution Network

Morani

Carravetta

d'Ambrosio

et al. 2020

The 4th EWaS International Conference: Valuing the Water, Carbon, Ecological Footprints of Human Activities

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“…Moreover, a significant gain in energy efficiency can be obtained if the installation and setting of these devises are searched through the use of optimization algorithms in order to minimize the leakage rate of the system. Alternatively, in case of water networks supplied by pumping stations, a significant containment of energy consumption can be guaranteed: (i) installing more efficient pumps available on the market [11]; (ii) using variable speed drivers to properly control the speed of the pump impeller [12]; (iii) achieving a more comprehensive integration between hydraulic pump, electrical components (e.g. variable frequency driver, motors) and water network [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Audit of the Energy Efficiency in Water Systems: New Performance Indices

Morani,

Carravetta,

Fecarotta

et al. 2023

Water Resour Manage

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The proposed work aims at developing a new set of indices to carry out the energy audit of water systems. The new set consists of both supply and distribution indices and results from a global energy balance applied to a reference network. In this study, the energy audit of two case study networks is presented by the aid of the new proposed indices. Moreover, for each network, different scenarios are considered, differing in the management strategy proposed to increase the energy efficiency of the system. The comparison of the scenarios in terms of indices has allowed for evaluating the most efficient strategy to reduce the pressure exceeding within the network, among different solutions. According to the results, with reference to the case study distribution network, installing both pumps as turbines and pressure reducing valves represent the most efficient strategy, containing the excess pressure and also offering possibility for energy recovery. Moreover, with reference to the water supply system assumed as further case study network, the strategy exhibiting better values in terms of indices is represented by a direct pumping towards the downstream distribution network, instead of pumping towards an upper reservoir and using a valve or a turbine to dissipate the excess pressure. In this work, the proposed indices are demonstrated to be a useful tool for water managers to identify, among different solutions, the most effective intervention to increase the energy efficiency of water systems.

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“…The systems of automatic management of water intake and supply facilities introduced by the Water and Sewage Company allowed for a significant reduction in the energy consumption of water pumping. Other studies have also demonstrated the effect of improving the pumping system, automation of the control system and the network monitoring system supported by IT systems on the reduction of water losses and energy savings [19,26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Water Losses and Assessment of Initiatives Aimed at Their Reduction in Selected Water Supply Systems

Ociepa

Mrowieć

Deska

2019

Water

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This paper presents the analysis and assessment of water losses in water distribution systems of three water supply companies operating water supply networks in the area of effect of underground mining. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on numerous indices allowing for obtaining objective information on the condition of the water supply system. The method of the analysis of percentage water loss index was extended by the methods of determination of losses according to the International Water Association. The results of the analysis lead to the conclusion that with regular actions, the companies have reduced water losses in recent years to a level considered to be good compared to national data and average compared to international standards. The value of the failure intensity index for all companies in 2011 was over 1.0 while currently it is about 0.5. The decrease in Non-Revenue Water basic loss index (NRWB) from more than 20% for all analysed companies in 2008 to a few percent in 2017 and the decrease in Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) for companies A and C to less than 2.0 are evidence of the good condition of the network. This is also confirmed by the unit water loss index per capita, with its value in 2017 being 9.1 dm3/(inhabitant day) for company A, 11 dm3/(inhabitant·day) for B and 7.4 dm3/(inhabitant·day) for C. The several years of analysis and evaluation of numerous indices of water loss presented in the paper reveals the effectiveness of the adopted strategies of reducing leakages in the distribution system. It should be emphasized that the analysed companies have been involved in comprehensive initiatives aimed at reducing water leakages, resulting in a substantial reduction in water losses. GIS monitoring systems and databases are particularly helpful in reducing water losses. The basis of the activities is monitoring of flow and pressure in water supply networks and active leakage control. Network zoning with simultaneous observation of minimum night-time flows allows for preliminary location of the failure. Equipping companies with special leakage detection devices such as geophones, stethophones or correlators enables quick detection of leakages. The next step is to replace water meters with more and more accurate ones and to implement radio reading of water meters. All analysed companies perform systematic replacement of old steel and cast iron pipes which cause a large number of leakages that are often difficult to identify, thus leading to water losses.

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Energy efficiency index for water supply systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

A New Preliminary Model to Optimize PATs Location in a Water Distribution Network

A New Preliminary Model to Optimize PATs Location in a Water Distribution Network

Detailed Audit of the Energy Efficiency in Water Systems: New Performance Indices

Analysis of Water Losses and Assessment of Initiatives Aimed at Their Reduction in Selected Water Supply Systems

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