Energy Efficiency in TDMA-Based Next-Generation Passive Optical Access Networks

Dhaini, Ahmad R.; Ho, Pin–Han; Shen, Gangxiang; Shihada, Basem

doi:10.1109/tnet.2013.2259596

Cited by 71 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows ONU transceiver states under cyclic sleep and doze modes. As in [27,28], we denote the case when an ONU powers 'off' its transceiver in cyclic sleep mode as "sleep state". Whereas, in doze mode, we denote the case when the transmitter of the optical link at an ONU is powered 'off' as "doze state".…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of TCP traffic and its influence on ONU’s energy saving in energy efficient TDM-PON

Mohammed

Newaz

Lee

et al. 2015

Optical Fiber Technology

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The majority of the traffic over the Internet is TCP based, which is very sensitive to packet loss and delay. Existing research efforts in TDM-Passive Optical Networks (TDM-PONs) mostly evaluate energy saving and traffic delay performances under different energy saving solutions. However, to the best of our knowledge, how energy saving mechanisms could affect TCP traffic performance in TDM-PONs has hardly been studied. In this paper, by means of our state-of-art OPNET Modular based TDM-PON simulator, we evaluate TCP traffic delay, throughput, and Optical Network Unit (ONU) energy consumption performances in a TDM-PON where energy saving mechanisms are employed in ONUs. Here, we study the performances under commonly used energy saving mechanisms defined in standards for TDM-PONs: cyclic sleep and doze mode. In cyclic sleep mode, we evaluate the performances under two well-known sleep interval length deciding algorithms (i.e. fixed sleep interval (FSI) and exponential sleep interval deciding (ESID)) that an OLT uses to decide sleep interval lengths for an ONU.Findings in this paper put forward the strong relationship among TCP traffic delay, throughput and ONU energy consumption under different sleep interval lengths. Moreover, we reveal that under high TCP traffic, both FSI and ESID will end up showing similar delay, energy and throughput performance. Our findings also show that doze mode can offer better TCP throughput and delay performance at the price of consuming more energy than cyclic sleep mode. In addition, our results provide a glimpse on understanding at what point doze mode becomes futile in improving energy saving of an ONU under TCP traffic. Furthermore, in this paper, we highlight important research issues that should be studied in future research to maximize energy saving in TDM-PONs while meeting traffic Quality of Service requirements.

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Section: Experimental Set-up and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of TCP traffic and its influence on ONU’s energy saving in energy efficient TDM-PON

Mohammed

Newaz

Lee

et al. 2015

Optical Fiber Technology

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show abstract

“…Instead, it is influenced more by the ambient temperature, electronic components and power conversion efficiency which will be taken into account in our modeling later. In addition, it is challenging to put OLT into sleep mode since it might cause a synchronization problem for the ONUs [20]. Therefore, we consider the power consumption of OLT is fixed hence the power consumption of the OLT is modeled based on its functional blocks and the components that consume power was identified.…”

Section: Power Consumption Model Of Oltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Consumption Modeling and Analysis of Integrated Optical-Wireless Access Network

Ramli¹,

Zulkifli²,

Idrus³

2017

IJECE

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The integration of optical and wireless technologies at access networks are considered as a future solution which provide both high bandwidth and high mobility in an efficient way. GPON is a suitable candidate for optical backhaul due to the combination of higher data rates, greater split ratio and support for triple play services hence it offers maximum flexibility and cost advantages. On the other hand, recent developments of new radio access technologies and introduction of femtocell base stations provide the potential of offering broadband services and applications to everyone and everywhere. However, the power consumption of this network demands a particular attention because access networks are the largest contributor the network related electricity consumption. Therefore, in this paper we evaluate the power consumption of integrated optical-wireless access network which is based on independent ONU-BS architecture. We proposed a power consumption model for such network and the assessment has been done under different simulation scenarios. The constructed model will provide insight of the energy performance of the integrated access network so that in the network design process, focus can be done to the most energy saving strategies.

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“…Recently, hardware-based and software-based techniques have been proposed to reduce the EPON energy consumption of the ONUs by up to 80 % [16,17]. The hardware-based techniques can involve either the design of new ONU architectures and/or the optical noise reuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QoS-aware energy-efficient mechanism for sleeping mode ONUs in enhanced EPON

et al. 2015

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Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is a broadband access time-division multiplexing passive optical network technology which can be referred to as green network, as it has less power consumption compared with other networks. The optical network unit (ONU) is the best candidate to implement energy-saving adjustments in EPON. Turning off the ONU transmitter (Tx)/receiver (Rx) for substantial time is a common method to achieve the energy saving. However, setting overlong sleep duration decreases the QoS, while short sleep duration increases the ONU power consumption. The challenging issue is how to balance the trade-off between achieving energy saving and guaranteeing QoS. In this paper, we introduce an enhanced EPON architecture and a QoS-aware energy-saving mechanism to reduce ONU energy consumption and guarantee an overall QoS metric based on the ITU-T standards requirements. To achieve the energy saving in the upstream/downstream direction, two sleep durations are defined for the ONU's Tx/Rx to generate four ONU modes including active, transmission, doze, and sleep. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme B I-Shyan Hwang improves the energy efficiency 44 % in average to fulfill the QoS metrics in terms of packet loss, delay and jitter, and the buffer requirement.

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Energy Efficiency in TDMA-Based Next-Generation Passive Optical Access Networks

Cited by 71 publications

References 18 publications

Performance analysis of TCP traffic and its influence on ONU’s energy saving in energy efficient TDM-PON

Performance analysis of TCP traffic and its influence on ONU’s energy saving in energy efficient TDM-PON

Power Consumption Modeling and Analysis of Integrated Optical-Wireless Access Network

QoS-aware energy-efficient mechanism for sleeping mode ONUs in enhanced EPON

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