Energy Efficiency in LTE-Advanced Networks with Relay Nodes

Abstract

this document analyses the energy efficiency of two relaying schemes that represent a possible way to deploy a relay enhanced network: the two hop scheme and the multicast cooperative scheme. Results exist in literature that provide a model for the theoretical evaluation of the capacity improvement that these solutions can yield, however no analysis is available at present on the energy efficiency of these schemes. This work enhances the existing theoretical models for capacity evaluations, providing a first analysis from an energy efficiency point of view of these two approaches, considering a fully loaded network and the total emitted RF power of the transmitting nodes. Results are provided in terms of the Energy Consumption Index (ECI) of these schemes, a metric proposed in the EARTH project for the assessment of the energy consumption of network solutions. The ECI distribution is obtained and compared with the case of a network deployed without relay nodes, showing that besides the possible improvements in capacity, relays are also candidates as a valuable tool to reduce the energy consumption of a telecommunication network.

Throughput-optimal user association in energy harvesting relay-assisted cellular networks

“…where c = P r /P b , and (a) comes from [12], the probability density function (PDF) of the distance that a typical UE to its closest BS/RS is f (r) = 2πλre −πλr 2 . Thus, the average number of NC-UE associated with a BS is…”

“…Compared with base stations (BSs), relay stations (RSs) cover a much smaller area, require lower transmit power and have no wired backhaul connection [1]. Moreover, user equipments (UEs) served by RSs mostly enjoy much higher average signalto-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs) [2]. All these good features of RS make it a good option to satisfy the high throughput requirement [3].…”

LTE-Advanced Radio Access Enhancements: A Survey

“…It can be seen from the results of this study that micro site deployment can boost capacity of the network up to 5 times, without any degradation in the network footprint. Another important aspect of the relaying network is the energy efficiency [218][219][220][221]. RN deployment can bring power savings in the uplink, and prolonging battery lifetime of the UE.…”

Selection of relay UE with energy harvesting capabilities in public safety environment

“…A relay UE is an intermediate node that can act as relay between IUEs and eNB [5]. Relays divide one high-power transmission in to two low-power transmissions to save energy of the UEs [6]. In [7], the authors have proposed scheme to extend femtocell coverage by using relay UE.…”