Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khan, Asghar; Khan, Muhammad Saleem; Hadi, Fazal; Saddiq, Ghulam; Khan, Afsar

doi:10.1080/26395940.2021.1986427

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 82 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The elemental compositions of all samples were determined under a room temperature air–based atmosphere. The analytes were then assessed using a collimator with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a live acquisition time of 60 s. 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elemental compositions of all samples were determined under a room temperature air−based atmosphere. The analytes were then assessed using a collimator with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a live acquisition time of 60 s. 33 The average particle sizes of the samples were determined by using a laser particle analyzer (Masterizer: Horiba, LA-960) in dry mode with three replications. The charges of the encapsulated powders were examined by performing three electrical single-particle aerodynamic relaxation time (E-SPART) measurements and analyzed by Hosokawa Micro Co., Japan.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Printable-Microencapsulated Ascorbic Acid for Personalized Topical Delivery

Vayachuta,

Leang,

Ruamcharoen

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents the successful development of printable-microencapsulated ascorbic acid (AA) for personalized topical delivery using laser printing technology. Rice flour with a 10% AA content was selected as an encapsulation material. Hydrophobic nanosilica was used to create negative electrostatic charges on the microencapsulated surfaces via a high-speed mixture. This process facilitated the microencapsulated AA fabrication using a commercial laser printer and produced a well-patterned design with some minor print defects, such as banding and scattering. The amount of encapsulated AA per area was 0.28 mg/cm 2 , and the RGB color code was 0,0,0. An emulsion carrier system comprising pentylene glycol (P5G) or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DEGEE), Tween 20, oleic acid, and deionized (DI) water at a ratio of 20:30:30:20 was developed to enhance AA transmission into the skin. The Franz diffusion cell technique was used to investigate topical absorption on Strat-M membranes using P5G and DEGEE as enhancers. The steady-state fluxes were 8.40 (±0.64) and 10.04 (±0.58) μg/h/cm 2 for P5G and DEGEE, respectively. Cytotoxicity tests conducted on fibroblast cells revealed low cytotoxicity for the encapsulation products and carriers.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printable-Microencapsulated Ascorbic Acid for Personalized Topical Delivery

Vayachuta,

Leang,

Ruamcharoen

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Marble Processing Plants (MPP) in the study area discharge their effluents directly into the nearby irrigation canals originating from the Swat River ( Fig 1 ). Surface runoff, municipal wastewater, and atmospheric deposition of heavy metals further contribute to irrigation canal pollution in the study area [ 60 ]. The people of the study area are primarily associated with the agricultural sector and grow various crops and vegetables on the river water [ 61 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation suitability, health risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in surface water used for irrigation near marble industry in Malakand, Pakistan

Khan

Egozcue

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water is a vital, finite resource whose quantity and quality are deteriorating as the world population increases. The current study aims to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (HM) in surface water for irrigation purposes with associated human health risks and pollution sources near the marble industry in Malakand, Pakistan. Twenty-seven water samples were randomly collected and analyzed for HM concentration by inductively coupled plasma‒optical emission spectrometry (ICP‒OES). pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were measured using standard methods of American Public Health Association (APHA). Irrigation suitability was assessed using specific water quality parameters. The associated health risks from ingestion and dermal exposure to heavy metals were calculated by USEPA health risk indices. Pollution sources and spatial distribution mapping were studied using compositional data analysis (CoDa) and the application of a geographic information system (GIS) to understand the changing behavior of heavy metals in surface waters. The concentrations of BOD (89%), COD (89%), Al (89%), Ca (89%), Cr (56%), Cu (78%), Fe (56%), K (34%) Mg (23%), Mn (56%), Na (89%), Ni (56%), P (89%), and Zn (11%) exceeded the safety limits of National Environmental Quality standards (NEQs) of Pakistan. The results of Kelly’s ratio (KR) classified surface water as unsuitable for irrigation. The average daily doses (ADD, mg/kg/day) for Al, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn were higher in children than in adults. The hazard index (HI) for children and adults was above the threshold (HI > 1), indicating a significant risk of non-carcinogenic toxicity. The carcinogenic risk values for Cr and Ni were above the USEPA limit (1 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−4), suggesting a potential carcinogenic risk for the target population. Principal component analysis (PCA), biplot (CLR), and the CoDa-dendrogram allowed for the identification of elemental associations, and their potential source was anthropogenic rather than natural in origin. Regular monitoring and phytoremediation strategies are proposed to safeguard crops and human health.

show abstract

“…• X-ray dispersive spectrometry (EDX)-with an EDAX-TSL 32 spectrometer-which allows the determination of the elemental composition of the analyzed material. The samples were prepared and analyzed according to the protocol described in [57].…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Biosorbentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Optimization of Heavy Metals Biosorption by Low-Cost Sorbents Using Response Surface Methodology

Ferţu

Bulgariu

2022

Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper exploits, through modeling and optimization, the experimental laboratory data on the biosorption of heavy metal ions Pb(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) from aqueous media using soybean and soybean waste biomasses. The biosorption modeling was performed using the Response Surface Methodology, followed by optimization based on numerical methods. The aim of the modeling was to establish the most probable mathematical relationship between the dependent variables (the biosorption efficiency of the biosorbents when adsorbing metal ions, R(%), and the biosorption capacity of sorbents, q(mg/g)) and the process parameters (pH; sorbent dose, DS (g/L); initial metal ion concentration in solution, c0 (mg/L); contact time, tc (min); temperature, T (°C)), validated by methodologies specific to the multiple regression analysis. Afterward, sets of solutions were obtained through optimization that correlate various values of the process parameters to maximize the objective function. These solutions also confirmed the performance of soybean waste biomass in the removal of heavy metal ions from polluted aqueous effluents. The results were validated experimentally.

show abstract

Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

Printable-Microencapsulated Ascorbic Acid for Personalized Topical Delivery

Printable-Microencapsulated Ascorbic Acid for Personalized Topical Delivery

Irrigation suitability, health risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in surface water used for irrigation near marble industry in Malakand, Pakistan

Modeling and Optimization of Heavy Metals Biosorption by Low-Cost Sorbents Using Response Surface Methodology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About