Energy consumption and efficiency technology measures in European non-residential buildings

D’Agostino, Delia; Barbara, Cuniberti; Paolo, Bertoldi

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.07.062

Cited by 147 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…About 30% of the buildings are rated at class D; yet, this is better than the Hellenic residential buildings for which about 50% are rated at class G [36]. Similar results are reported in Spain [18] where NR buildings have a slightly better energy performance than residential buildings, with 26.4% of NR buildings rated at class D, followed by class E (22.8%) and class C (19.8%).…”

Section: Energy Performancesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…As a result, studies have progressively been performed exploiting this valuable resource of information. For example, an overview of the NR sector in different countries focusing on building characteristics, energy performance, efficiency measures and energy savings is presented in [18]. A more detailed focus is given to office buildings, which represent the most common building category in the database.…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Baselines for Energy Use and Carbon Emission Intensities in Hellenic Nonresidential Buildings

Droutsa

Balaras

Lykoudis³

et al. 2020

Energies

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This work exploits data from 30,000 energy performance certificates of whole nonresidential (NR) buildings in Greece. The available information is analyzed for 30 different NR building uses (e.g., hotels, schools, sports facilities, hospitals, retails, offices) and four main services (space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water and lighting). Data are screened in order to exclude outliers and checked for consistency with the Hellenic NR building stock. The average energy use and CO 2 emission intensities for all building uses are calculated, as well as the respective energy ratings in order to gain a better understanding of the NR sector. Finally, in an attempt to determine whether these values are representative for the various Hellenic NR building uses, their temporal evolution is investigated. The average primary energy use intensity is 448.0 kWh/m 2 for all NR buildings, while the CO 2 emissions reach 147.5 kgCO 2 /m 2 . The derived energy baselines reveal that indoor sports halls/swimming pools have the highest energy use, while private cram schools/conservatories have the lowest, due to their operational patterns. Generally, from the four services taken into account, lighting is the most energy consuming, followed by cooling, heating and finally domestic hot water. For a total of 11 building uses, more data from the certificates will be necessary for deriving representative baselines, but, when it comes to buildings categories, more data are required.

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Section: Energy Performancesupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baselines for Energy Use and Carbon Emission Intensities in Hellenic Nonresidential Buildings

Droutsa

Balaras

Lykoudis³

et al. 2020

Energies

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“…The construction sector has a primary role in CO 2 reduction in Europe since buildings use around 40% of total energy consumption and generate almost 36% of greenhouse gases [1]. Recent data on world energy consumption in both residential and commercial buildings are presented by Allouhi et al, 2015 [2], together with an overview of measures and policies adopted by different countries for the reduction of energy consumption in buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Automatic and Manual Calibration of an Office Building Energy Model

Cornaro

Bosco

Lauria³

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This work could contribute to evidence strengths and weaknesses of manual and automatic calibration of building dynamic simulation models leading at improving the quality of building retrofit solutions investigation.Abstract: Energy reduction can benefit from the improvement of energy efficiency in buildings. For this purpose, simulation models can be used both as diagnostic and prognostic tools, reproducing the behaviour of the real building as accurately as possible. High modelling accuracy can be achieved only through calibration. Two approaches can be adopted-manual or automatic. Manual calibration consists of an iterative trial and error procedure that requires high skill and expertise of the modeler. Automatic calibration relies on mathematical and statistical methods that mostly use optimization algorithms to minimize the difference between measured and simulated data. This paper aims to compare a manual calibration procedure with an automatic calibration method developed by the authors, coupling dynamic simulation, sensitivity analysis and automatic optimization using IDA ICE, Matlab and GenOpt respectively. Differences, advantages and disadvantages are evidenced applying both methods to a dynamic simulation model of a real office building in Rome, Italy. Although both methods require high expertise from operators and showed good results in terms of accuracy, automatic calibration presents better performance and consistently helps with speeding up the procedure. consumption of a building and consists of the construction of a virtual model of the building that has to reproduce the behaviour of the real building as accurately as possible. The reduction of the energy consumption can be pursued if the energy distribution throughout the building is known and understood. Building modelling can then be used both as a diagnostic tool, to better understand the physics laws of the building, and as a prognostic tool to predict the building's behaviour once the laws are known. Building energy performance simulation (BEPS) can be achieved using data driven (black box) or law driven (white box) models. Considering the white box approach, many BEPS tools are available for example, TRNSYS, Energy Plus, ESPr, and for the most popular, accurate capabilities evaluations and comparisons have been made [10]. Retrofit projects and operations management for buildings require accurate modelling that can be achieved through calibration. Calibration consists of an iterative process where model input is changed to reconcile the model output with the measured data. Although this process can be considered essential for having reliable results, still few practitioners are capable to perform it. Typical variables that are involved in the calibration process are mainly energy consumption [11][12][13][14] and indoor air temperature [11,15,16], for which simulated values are compared to measured ones on a specific time scale. Usually calibration at a small time scale (hourly of sub-hourly) results more difficult and...

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“…From 2006 to 2014, D'Agostino et al [1] collected in the framework of the Green Building Programme several data about both new and existing non-residential buildings. They found that non-residential buildings account on average for 25% energy consumption of the total European building stock [2] and represent a heterogeneous sector compared with the residential [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, based on a study of the Buildings Performance Institute Europe [4], among European nonresidential buildings it can be identify three categories: wholesale & retail (28%), offices (23%), educational (17%), hotels and restaurants (11%), hospitals (7%), sport facilities (4%), other (11%) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-cooling potential in shopping mall buildings with plants equipped by dry-coolers boosted with evaporative pads

Angelis¹,

Chinese²,

Saro³

2017

IJHT

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Shopping malls are often characterized by high internal thermal loads due to occupancy, lighting, electrical devices, and solar radiation entering through the large skylights. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the energy saving reachable adding a cooling evaporative pad upstream a dry cooler. In particular, two different cooling plant configurations has been investigated: a cooling plant with a chiller equipped with a dry cooler (C-DC), that can be used as condenser of refrigeration system or to work with free-cooling mode and the previous system equipped with an evaporative cooling pad upstream the dry cooler (C-E-DC) in order to enlarge the range of temperatures suitable for free cooling. A building model of a typical shopping mall and two cooling plant has been modeled by means of TRNSYS simulations carried out in several European cities. Simulation results show that the C-E-DC configuration allows a greater energy saving amount than C-DC configuration for all the cities considered. It can be noted that the locations with a hot or moderate climate have a higher reduction in chiller electrical consumptions. Further investigations will be carried out taking in to account more extensively the moisture content of the air for the different locations considered.

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Energy consumption and efficiency technology measures in European non-residential buildings

Cited by 147 publications

References 6 publications

Baselines for Energy Use and Carbon Emission Intensities in Hellenic Nonresidential Buildings

Baselines for Energy Use and Carbon Emission Intensities in Hellenic Nonresidential Buildings

Effectiveness of Automatic and Manual Calibration of an Office Building Energy Model

Free-cooling potential in shopping mall buildings with plants equipped by dry-coolers boosted with evaporative pads

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