“…In these mission-critical applications, a set of QoS requirements, for example, delay, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, throughput, and communication bandwidth, on network performances must be satisfied [42]. However, providing guaranteed QoS is almost impossible in dynamic WSNs [43,44], because of the dynamic network topology, time-varying wireless medium, and severe constraints on power supply, computation power, and communication bandwidth [45][46][47][48][49][50].…”