Energy and Reserve under Distributed Energy Resources Management—Day-Ahead, Hour-Ahead and Real-Time

Abstract

Abstract:The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources based on renewable energy sources in distribution systems leads to a more complex management of power systems. Consequently, ancillary services become even more important to maintain the system security and reliability. This paper proposes and evaluates a generic model for day-ahead, intraday (hour-ahead) and real-time scheduling, considering the joint optimization of energy and reserve in the scope of the virtual power player concept. The model aims to minimize the operation costs in the point of view of one aggregator agent taking into account the balance of the distribution system. For each scheduling stage, previous scheduling results and updated forecasts are considered. An illustrative test case of a distribution network with 33 buses, considering a large penetration of distribution energy resources allows demonstrating the benefits of the proposed model.

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A New Hybrid-Adaptive Differential Evolution for a Smart Grid Application Under Uncertainty

“…However, the very dynamic evolution of electrical grids, mainly due to the development of smart grid technologies, has caused that the traditional formulations, which were designed for different scenarios, sometimes cannot deal with the problem efficiently. Challenges in the management of energy resources have been recently identified [2], [3], [4]. Common issues have been consistently highlighted concerning, namely the growing complexity of a large number of distributed energy resources, the increase of electric vehicles (EVs) penetration and the increase of sources of uncertainty.…”

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