Energy and protein requirements for Angus and Nellore young bulls

Gomes, R. A.; Busato, Karina Costa; Ladeira, Márcio Machado; Johnson, Kristen; Galvão, Matheus Castilho; Rodrigues, A. C.; Chizzotti, Antônio

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2016.11.011

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This similar serum protein levels between ad libitum-fed and limited-fed animals could indicate that even under feed restriction, the bulls had their protein requirements met. In fact, the bulls subjected to feed restriction showed positive nitrogen balance and, as observed in a parallel study by Gomes et al (2017), they showed positive protein retention. If not required for protein synthesis, amino acids are deaminated by mitochondrial enzymes, and the amino group are transferred into urea for excretion (Kaneko et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

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Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage.

et al. 2019

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We evaluated blood parameters of Angus and Nellore bulls fed diets with and without forage. Forty animals with initial body weight (BW) of 380±16.2 kg were housed in individual stalls. Eight bulls of each breed were fed a whole shelled corn (WSC) diet [850 g kg −1 of WCS and 150 g kg −1 of a pellet based on soybean meal, dry mater (DM) basis] or a ground corn with silage (GC) diet (300 g kg −1 of silage and 700 g kg −1 of a concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, DM basis), ad libitum, and four animals of each breed were limited-fed the GC diet [feed restriction (FR), 55% of the DM intake of bulls fed ad libitum, adjusted for the metabolic BW]. Intake was measured daily, and a metabolism trial was conducted with total collection of feces and urine to estimate the ruminally degraded and undegraded protein (intake and nitrogen balance). Blood samples for determination of hormones and metabolites were collected. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS adopting a significance level of 0.05. The diet affected only the serum concentrations of triglycerides, HDL, and VLDL, with limitedfed animals presenting smaller concentrations than ad libitum-fed bulls. No difference in blood parameters was observed between animals fed WSC or GC diets. Nellore bulls presented greater T4, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and serum urea nitrogen concentrations than Angus. Feeding finishing beef cattle with no-roughage diets does not alter their blood parameters. Also, our results support that Zebu cattle might have lower serum removal of nutrients due to a lesser demand for fat and protein deposition than Bos taurus taurus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The chemical analysis of the diet ingredients was described by Gomes et al (2017). Ruminally undegraded protein (RUP) intake (g kg −1 d −1 of BW) was estimated following the NRC (2001) models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage.

et al. 2019

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“…However, the NEm requirement for Nellore animals, obtained using the D2O technique is in agreement with the hypothesis that NEm requirement is smaller for zebu than for taurine breeds (GOMES et al, 2017), regardless of the magnitude of this difference.…”

Section: Eqsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These values are higher than observed by other authors (NRC, 2000;VALADARES FILHO et al, 2006;BR-CORTE, 2016), but expected due to the others parameters, as EBW:SBW, EBWG:SBWG and RE equation, that also were higher. Although greater values have already been reported for Nellore cattle, other results reported different values (CHIZZOTTI et al, 2007;GOMES et al, 2017).…”

Section: Eqmentioning

confidence: 69%

Energy and protein requirements for Nellore steers estimated with the deuterium oxide marker

Aferri¹,

Corte²,

Pereira³

et al. 2020

Bol. Ind. Anim.

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The aim of this study was determine the energy and protein requirements for maintenance and gain of Nellore steers. Thirty six Nellore steers with a average weight and age of 359±13 kg and 20 months at the beginning of the trial were individually fed for 56. The steers were fed the same diet (76.43% TDN and 13.62% CP) in three levels of dry matter (DM) intake, ad libitum, 75 g DM/kg BW0.75 and 60 g DM/kg BW0.75. The initial and final body composition was estimated with the marker deuterium oxide that allowed repeated water estimate in the same animal. Deuterium in blood samples was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects of intake levels, comparison of intercept and slope among feeding level, and equations were evaluated by the analysis of variance, adopting P<0.05 as a significant level. The net energy for maintenance was 75 kcal/kg EBW0.75 or 70 kcal/kg BW0.75. The net energy for gain for steers with 350 to 450 kg weight was 5.1 to 6.1Mcal. The efficiency of energy utilization for maintenance, km, was 0.7492 and for weight gain, kg, was 0.3404. The metabolizable protein requirement for maintenance was 4.32 * BW0.75 and the net protein for gain was estimated with the equation NPg = (254.68*EBWG) €“ (29.38*RE). The technique of deuterium oxide marker used to estimate energy and protein requirement for maintenance and weight gain at Nellore steers confirm the hypothesis presented in NRC, that NEm is lower than the requirement for taurine cattle. On the other hand, the reverse was true for the NP requirement for maintenance and for weight gain. We consider that indirect method using D2O for estimate body composition in zebu cattle was suitable to determine nutrient requirements.

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“… Gomes et al (2016) evaluated the nutrient requirements of Angus purebred and Nellore purebred bulls under tropical conditions and reported that Angus bulls had 28% greater NE m , 29% greater intake, and 146% greater respiration rate than Nellore bulls, indicating that under heat stress of tropics, the difference between purebred Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus might be even higher than that suggested by NASEM (2016) .…”

Section: Energy Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

California net energy system for Bos taurus indicus

Chizzotti

Filho

Benedeti

et al. 2019

Translational Animal Science

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The California net energy system (CNES) was the reference for the development of most energy requirement systems worldwide, such as Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (NASEM, Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 8th Revised ed, 2016) and Brazilian Nutrient Requirements of Zebu and Crossbred Cattle (Valadares Filho, S. C., L. F. C. Silva, M. P. Gionbelli, P. P. Rotta, M. I. Marcondes, M. L. Chizzotti, and L. F. Prados, BR-CORTE: nutrient requirements of zebu and crossbred cattle, 3rd ed, 2016). This review aimed to compare methods used by NASEM and BR-CORTE to estimate the energy requirements for beef cattle. The net energy requirements for maintenance (NEm) of BR-CORTE is based on empty body weight (EBW), whereas NASEM uses shrunk body weight (SBW), but the Bos taurus indicus presents 10% to 8% lower NEm than Bos taurus taurus. We have compared animals with different EBW and SBW but with same equivalent empty body weight/standard reference weight ratio (0.75), as both systems have suggested different mature weights. Both systems predicted similar net energy requirements for gain (NEg) for animals with 1.8 kg of daily gain. However, estimated empty body gain was lower for NASEM estimations when the same metabolizable energy for gain is available. For pregnancy and lactation of beef cows, the NEm and net energy requirements for pregnancy (NEp) of a Zebu cow estimated by BR-CORTE were lower than the values estimated by NASEM. Furthermore, the magnitude of differences between these systems regarding NEp increased as pregnancy days increase. The NASEM and BR-CORTE systems have presented similar values for energy requirement for lactation (0.72 and 0.75 Mcal/kg milk, respectively).

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Energy and protein requirements for Angus and Nellore young bulls

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage.

Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage.

Energy and protein requirements for Nellore steers estimated with the deuterium oxide marker

California net energy system for Bos taurus indicus

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