Energetic particle induced inter-annual variability of ozone inside the Antarctic polar vortex observed in satellite data

Fytterer, Tilo; Mlynczak, Martin G.; Nieder, Holger; Pérot, Kristell; Sinnhuber, Miriam; Stiller, G. P.; Urban, Joachim

doi:10.5194/acpd-14-31249-2014

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, it is expected that EPP indirectly affects the stratospheric ozone during the polar winter. This is especially true in the Southern Hemisphere, where Fytterer et al (2015) indicated contributions of EPP-NO…”

Section: Mid-stratospheric Ozone Loss After Ssw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Observations from the Odin/Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) instrument have been assimilated into the DIAMOND model (Dynamic Isentropic Assimilation Model for OdiN Data), in order to estimate the chemical ozone (O 3 ) loss in the stratosphere. This data assimilation technique is described in Sagi and Murtagh (2016), in which it was used to study the inter-annual variability in ozone depletion during the entire Odin operational time and in both hemispheres. Our study focuses on the Arctic region, where two O 3 destruction mechanisms play an important role, involving halogen and nitrogen chemical families (i.e. NO x = NO and NO 2 ), respectively. The temporal evolution and geographical distribution of O 3 loss in the low and middle stratosphere have been investigated between 2002 and 2013. For the first time, this has been done based on the study of a series of winter-spring seasons over more than a decade, spanning very different dynamical conditions. The chemical mechanisms involved in O 3 depletion are very sensitive to thermal conditions and dynamical activity, which are extremely variable in the Arctic stratosphere. We have focused our analysis on particularly cold and warm winters, in order to study the influence this has on ozone loss. The winter 2010/11 is considered as an example for cold conditions. This case, which has been the subject of many studies, was characterised by a very stable vortex associated with particularly low temperatures, which led to an important halogeninduced O 3 loss occurring inside the vortex in the lower stratosphere. We found a loss of 2.1 ppmv at an altitude of 450 K in the end of March 2011, which corresponds to the largest ozone depletion in the Northern Hemisphere observed during the last decade. This result is consistent with other studies. A similar situation was observed during the winters 2004/05 and 2007/08, although the amplitude of the O 3 destruction was lower. To study the opposite situation, corresponding to a warm and unstable winter in the stratosphere, we performed a composite calculation of four selected cases, 2003/04, 2005/06, 2008/09 and 2012/13, which were all affected by a major mid-winter sudden stratospheric warming event, related to particularly high dynamical activity. We have shown that such conditions were associated with low O 3 loss below 500 K (approximately 20 km), while O 3 depletion in the middle stratosphere, where the role of NO xinduced destruction processes prevails, was particularly important. This can mainly be explained by the horizontal mixing of NO x -rich air from lower latitudes with vortex air that takes place in case of strongly disturbed dynamical situation. In this manuscript, we show that the relative contribution of O 3 depletion mechanisms occurring in the lower or in the middle stratosphere is significantly influenced by dynamical and thermal conditions. We provide confirmation that the O 3 loss driven by nitrogen oxides and triggered by stratospheric warmings can outweigh the effects of halogens in the case of a ...

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Section: Mid-stratospheric Ozone Loss After Ssw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

et al. 2017

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“…In our work, the short‐term ozone depletion after the March SPEs is more evident in the northern polar upper stratosphere, and there exists continuous ozone reduction in the north polar upper stratosphere, which may be due to the downward motion of odd nitrogen caused by the Arctic vortex from the upper level (Funke et al, ). The NO x downward transport inside the polar vortex is common (Funke et al, ; Funke, López‐Puertas, Stiller, et al, ; Funke, López‐Puertas, Holt, et al, ; Fytterer et al, ). In the work of von Clarmann et al (), they reported that the March SPEs made the continuous ozone depletion in March (see Figure l in their paper) around the altitude of 40 km in the Northern Hemisphere, but only a short‐term negative response of ozone was found after the March SPEs in the Southern Hemisphere (see Figure c in their paper) by the MIPAS observations.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possible Responses of Polar Ozone to Solar Proton Events in March 2012 by FengYun‐3 Satellite Observations

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Space Weather

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In this work, we use observations by the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Sounder and Space Environment Monitor on FengYun-3 to analyze the polar ozone depletion during the solar proton events (SPEs), which occurred in early March 2012. The ozone distributions changed evidently with the increasing energetic proton flux (the particle energy is over 100 MeV) at the approximate altitude of 30 km. From the ozone profile relative changes, the short-term impacts of SPEs can be distinguished from the long-term effects of ozone season variations after the SPEs take place and cause about 4-17% of the short-term polar ozone decreases at the different levels in the upper stratosphere of both hemispheres. In the upper stratosphere, the SPE-related polar ozone depletion is more significant and continuous in the Northern Hemisphere but shows the short-term effects in the Southern Hemisphere during the March SPEs. The ozone depletion responses to the first SPE on 7 March are more pronounced in this altitude region than the second one on 13 March in both hemispheres due to the "harder" particle energy spectrum.

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“…In study of Matthes et al (2017), ozone responses were evaluated by comparing high and low geomagnetic activity years and not by on/off experiments as done here and their estimate shows good agreement with satellite observations (Fytterer et al 2015). To evaluate our simulated ozone responses, we follow a similar approach as used in Matthes et al (2017), that is, we compared our simulations with observations from MLS.…”

Section: O3 Anomaly Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive nitrogen (NOy) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter

Arsenović¹,

Damiani²,

Rozanov³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) affects the chemistry of the polar middle atmosphere by producing reactive nitrogen (NOy) and hydrogen (HOx) species, which then catalytically destroy ozone. Recently, there have been major advances in constraining these particle impacts through a parametrization based on high quality observations. Here we investigate the effects of low (auroral) and middle (radiation belt) energy range electrons, separately and in combination, on reactive nitrogen and hydrogen species as well as on ozone during Southern Hemisphere winters from 2002 to 2010 using the chemistry-climate model SOCOL3-MPIOM. Our results show that, in absence of solar proton events, low energy electrons produce the majority of NOy in the polar mesosphere and stratosphere. In the polar vortex, NOy subsides and affects ozone at lower altitudes, down to 10&#8201;hPa. Comparing a year with high electron precipitation with a quiescent period, we found large ozone depletion in the mesosphere; as the anomaly propagates downward, 15&#8201;% less ozone is found in the stratosphere during winter, which is confirmed by satellite observations. Only with both low and middle energy electrons, our model reproduces the observed stratospheric ozone anomaly.

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Energetic particle induced inter-annual variability of ozone inside the Antarctic polar vortex observed in satellite data

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

The Possible Responses of Polar Ozone to Solar Proton Events in March 2012 by FengYun‐3 Satellite Observations

Reactive nitrogen (NO<sub><i>y</i></sub>) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter

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Energetic particle induced inter-annual variability of ozone inside the Antarctic polar vortex observed in satellite data

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

Two mechanisms of stratospheric ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere, studied using data assimilation of Odin/SMR atmospheric observations

The Possible Responses of Polar Ozone to Solar Proton Events in March 2012 by FengYun‐3 Satellite Observations

Reactive nitrogen (NO&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;y&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter

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Reactive nitrogen (NO<sub><i>y</i></sub>) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter