Energetic Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials for Future Defense Applications

Abstract

The integration of nanostructured materials in defense systems is expected to improve their performance in terms of power, safety, and reliability. That is why considerable research effort has been undertaken by major military powers worldwide in this domain. The first important step was to develop the production capacities of organic explosives in the state of fine powders with submicron to nanosized particle size distributions. The Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) process, which is a unique method for producing such materials, was developed at industrial scale. Explosive nanopowders obtained by this process were subsequently mixed with nanosized pyrotechnic compositions such as nanothermites, to prepare hybrid detonating materials able to replace lead-based primary explosives. Composite propellants can also be prepared by SFE which allows mixing their components in a single step with better homogeneity. The ultimate challenge is to move from powder to object, in order to integrate energetic nanomaterials in operational systems. Although the research in this last domain is still in its infancy, several ways of preparation of objects from nanothermites have been recently reported in scientific literature. The focus will be on two examples studied in our laboratory. The first one is the preparation of nanothermites in the state of solid, porous foams; the second one is the use of nanothermites for coating grains of propulsive powder to change their combustion properties.

A Review of Antithrombolytic, Anticoagulant, and Antiplatelet Activities of Biosynthesized Metallic Nanostructured Multifunctional Materials

“…Due to its diverse characteristics, nanoscience, particularly in the biomedical field, has drawn the attention of numerous researchers in recent years from all over the world [1–8] . Nanotechnology principally deals with crafting/assembling, fabrication, and utilization of ≤100 nm size of functional materials called nanoparticles which possess distinctive and fascinating physicochemical and biological characteristics [3–6,9–13] . These synthetic particles have had a significant impact on the advancement of many industries, including engineering, the food industry, (waste)water treatment industry, cosmetics, biomedical devices, and the pharmaceutical sector [7,12,14,15] .…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Nanotechnology principally deals with crafting/ assembling, fabrication, and utilization of � 100 nm size of functional materials called nanoparticles which possess distinctive and fascinating physicochemical and biological characteristics. [3][4][5][6][9][10][11][12][13] These synthetic particles have had a significant impact on the advancement of many industries, including engineering, the food industry, (waste)water treatment industry, cosmetics, biomedical devices, and the pharmaceutical sector. [7,12,14,15] In various scientific domains, nanoparticles display distinct size-and shape-dependent features, spanning physical, chemical, and biological ones.…”

A Comparative Investigation on the Structural Stability of the Single and Poly‐Crystalline Sodium Nitrate at Dynamic Shock Wave Loaded Conditions

“…[3][4][5][6][7] On the other hand, reports on the crystallographic phase stability of single and poly-crystalline nature of the same material are comparatively less whereas several interesting results have been found for those materials based on their initial states. [8][9][10] Hence, researchers are very much inclined toward these aspects so as to understand the structural stability of materials with respect to their initial states as well as their different crystallographic forms. Note that materials of high structural stability are to be the probable dynamically active candidates in the future for the making of a vast array of devices such as smart electronic devices, sensing devices and thermal protecting systems.…”