“…8 Elective treatments should be preceded by careful therapeutic planning, including anatomic assessment of the structures involved. 4,12 AngioCT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Doppler ultrasonography are often employed and, in some cases, angiography can play an important role in planning, whether for conventional, endovascular, or hybrid surgery. 4,16,18 In the case described above, arteriography only showed intracranial opacification when the catheter was advanced distally of the AVF.…”