Endosulfan Impacts on the Developing Chick Embryos: Morphological, Morphometric and Skeletal Changes

Teratological Effects of Dimethoate on 12th Day Desi Chick Embryo (Gallus gallus domesticus)

“…Figure 1(a-h) shows the control group embryo, and dimethoate treated embryos that were examined on embryonic day 12 th , exhibited one type or 2-4 types of malformations with different concentrations of dimethoate (0.30%, 0.60%, 0.90% and 1.2%). Anomalies exhibit a periodic trend as described by Morale et al (1998) and Mobarak and Al-Asmari (2011) in contrast to Varnagy et al (2001) and Budai et al (2003). They suggested sporadic manner.…”

“…reduction in limbs, microcephaly and body weight (Lenselink et al, 1992) and reduced crown rump length and body weight by the application of metasystox-R and methyl parathion, respectively (Sunil and Devi, 1992). Chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, spinosad, malathion and endosulfan also have similar effects on different organs during embryonic development (Mobarak and Al-Asmari, 2011;Uggini et al, 2010;Anwar, 2003;Pourmirza, 2000). Furthermore, Sepulveda et al (2006) and Singh et al (2007) described malformations in different body structures in alligator and rat embryos when exposed to citrinin, endosulfan and organochlorine insecticides.…”

The Teratogenic Effects of the Insecticide Pyriproxyfen on the Developing Chick Embryos

“…This pathway is crucial for the proliferation, development, and differentiation of cells. Consequently, such interference can result in the occurrence of malformations or abnormal development in various organs, including the eye, brain, jaw, heart, and limbs [22,37] . Also, prior studies have shown that PPF inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, and this suppression has the potential to have serious consequences for a number of biological functions including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and feeding.…”

Micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities on Caiman latirostris (Broad-snouted caiman) hatchlings after embryonic exposure to different pesticide formulations

“…Stanley et al (2009) reported a neurotoxic response on embryo/ larval Zebrafish (Danio rerio) induced by END at concentrations between 0.01 and 100 µg/l. Likewise, Mobarak and Al-Asmsari (2011) suggest an embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of END on developing chick embryos incubated during 24 h with a single dose of 7, 14 and 24 mg /eggs administered by topical application.…”