-Endorphin and met-enkephalin in plasma of cattle during pregnancy, parturition and the neonatal period

Aurich, Jörg; Dobrinski, Ina; Hoppen, H.-O.; Grünert, E

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0890605

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, we found an increased release of ß-endorphin in parturient cows which is in agreement with previous results from different species (Csontos et al, 1979;Goland et al, 1981;Petraglia et al, 1985;Aurich et al, 1990 (Guillemin et al, 1977), in pregnant sheep submitted to hypoglycaemia, the placenta has been identified as an additional source of ß-endorphin (Falconer et al, 1988). ß-Endorphin can also be synthesized by human placental tissue (Liotta et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Exogenous prostaglandin F2(J (PGF2a) has been shown to stimulate oxytocin release in postpartum sows (Ellendorff et al, 1979) and prostaglandins are involved in luteolysis and regulation of labour (Challis and Lye, 1986). We (Aurich et al, 1990). The extraction recovery for ß-endorphin was 86%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…During pregnancy and parturition an increased release of ß-endorphin into peripheral plasma has been shown in humans (Csontos et al, 1979;Goland et al, 1981) rats (Petraglia et al, 1985) and cattle (Aurich et al, 1990). Labour stimulates ß-endorphin release in women and it has been suggested that endogenous opioids are involved in the stress response during delivery (Hoffman et al, 1984;Kofinas et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxytocin was extracted from plasma with C-18-cartridges as described for ß-endorphin by Aurich et al (1990). The only modification was the use of 1.5% instead of 4% acetic acid for washing the cartridges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Stimulation of release of -endorphin and oxytocin by prostaglandin F2 in cattle at parturition

Dobrinski²,

Ho³

et al. 1993

Reproduction

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stimulation of release of -endorphin and oxytocin by prostaglandin F2 in cattle at parturition

Dobrinski²,

Ho³

et al. 1993

Reproduction

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Its rapid degradation may explain some of the variation between samples and animals. However, our results confirmed earlier findings in cows, sampled on a single occasion during parturition, in which plasma metenkephalin levels increased during labour (Aurich et al 1990, Dobrinski et al 1991. In the goats and assisted heifers, the met-enkephalin concentration correlated with that of noradrenaline and adrenaline.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 93%

Hormonal changes during parturition in heifers and goats are related to the phases and severity of labour

Hydbring¹,

Madej²,

MacDonald³

et al. 1999

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parturition is a natural event that involves stress and pain for the mother. We thus hypothesized that levels of stress hormones measured during parturition could reflect levels reached in response to severe discomfort and pain of other kinds as well. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether plasma concentrations of cortisol, adrenaline, noradrenaline, -endorphin, met-enkephalin, vasopressin and oxytocin vary depending on the phase and severity of labour in dairy heifers (ten) and dairy goats (six), and how these hormones interact with each other. Blood samples were taken once a day for 3 days before labour and for 3 days afterwards and at predetermined phases during labour. All heifers delivered one calf and five of them needed obstetrical assistance. Two of the goats delivered one kid, and four had twins; all kidded without help. The cortisol concentration peaked when the calf and the first kid were born. In the heifers, plasma adrenaline increased after delivery, while the noradrenaline concentration did not change significantly in heifers that needed assistance, but increased during expulsion in heifers calving without help. In the goats, adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations increased in association with expulsion of the first kid. The -endorphin concentration increased during labour in goats. In heifers that needed assistance, -endorphin concentration increased 1 h after labour but there was no change in heifers that did not need assistance. The met-enkephalin concentration was elevated during expulsion in heifers and fluctuated in the goats. Both oxytocin and vasopressin increased during expulsion in both groups of heifers, but vasopressin increased four times more in heifers needing assistance. In the goats, oxytocin reached its highest levels just as the feet of the first kid became visible, and vasopressin peaked as the head emerged. Parturition took longer in heifers that needed assistance than in those that did not. It is concluded that, even though the pattern of change differed between hormones during labour, the changes were related to the phases of labour. A longer labour therefore meant that the hormone concentrations stayed elevated for longer. Vasopressin reached high levels in goats and was the only hormone for which plasma concentrations were higher in heifers that needed assistance than in those that did not, indicating that this hormone is released in order to deal with the painrelated stress associated with labour.

show abstract

Mammary Gland Immunology Around Parturition

Waller

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adequate immune functions are essential for the defence against udder infections. Detailed knowledge about the immune response and important defence factors is essential in order to find new ways for the prevention and treatment of udder infections leading to mastitis. Work should be concentrated on ways of minimising the negative influence on immune functions and/or ways of stimulating these functions, especially during periods of immune suppression. A depression of important immune functions has been reported around parturition and there is a higher prevalence of clinical mastitis and other diseases during this period. Immunosuppression is often associated with high levels of glucocorticoids in blood, a common finding around parturition and during stressful conditions. A number of stressors are present around calving, e.g. parturition, onset of lactation and changes in feeding and management regimes. Adequate management including feeding strategies and routines are important for the immune functions. Metabolic stress as well as deficiencies in vitamins and minerals around parturition and during the first month of lactation can have a negative influence on the immune functions and thereby increase the risks for udder infections and mastitis. There seem to be a genetic variability in certain immune functions among periparturient cows. This might indicate a possibility to find markers for genetic selection of individuals with a well-developed immune system without negative effects on milk productivity.

show abstract

-Endorphin and met-enkephalin in plasma of cattle during pregnancy, parturition and the neonatal period

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Stimulation of release of -endorphin and oxytocin by prostaglandin F2 in cattle at parturition

Stimulation of release of -endorphin and oxytocin by prostaglandin F2 in cattle at parturition

Hormonal changes during parturition in heifers and goats are related to the phases and severity of labour

Mammary Gland Immunology Around Parturition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About