Endophthalmitis in the western Sydney region: a case‐control study

Lertsumitkul, Somsak; Myers, Phillip C; O'Rourke, Michael T; Chandra, Jay

doi:10.1046/j.1442-9071.2001.d01-20.x

Cited by 61 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The 39.0% cumulative incidence of culture positivity in this study was lower than reported in other studies, such as in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study, which reported 67% culture-positive cases,12 and other series in Canada (60%),27 Australia (67%)28 and Sweden (85.2%) 29. Because significantly fewer confirmed positive cultures were obtained from the aqueous humour than from the vitreous,30 the low incidence of culture positivity might be due to the non-standardised method of microbial isolates in China.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in China: a multicenter investigation of 2006–2011

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2013

Br J Ophthalmol

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in China: a multicenter investigation of 2006–2011

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2013

Br J Ophthalmol

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“…is the most common cause of acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery [6-8]. Series from Australia [9,10], North America [6], and Europe [11,12] have reported 6% to 12% Gram-negative bacteria and in the EVS reporting Gram-negative bacteria was isolated in 5.9% (19/323) eyes [5]. The Indian studies, at 26% to 42%, have reported higher incidences of Gram-negative bacterial infection [1,2].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined ceftazidime and amikacin resistance among Gram-negative isolates in acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome

Jindal

Pathengay

Khera

et al. 2013

J Ophthal Inflamm Infect

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome of acute-onset postoperative Gram-negative bacterial endophthalmitis cases resistant to both ceftazidime and amikacin seen between 2005 and 2010 at L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, a tertiary care ophthalmic Centre in South India. Medical records of all patients with Gram-negative bacterial endophthalmitis resistant to both amikacin and ceftazidime between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010 were reviewed in this non-comparative, consecutive, retrospective case series. Favorable outcome was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity of ≥20/200.ResultsSixty five (39.6%) of 164 culture-positive postoperative endophthalmitis were caused by Gram-negative organisms. Among these 65 isolates, 32 (49%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 37% to 61%) were resistant to ceftazidime, 17 (26%; 95% CI 15% to 37%) to amikacin, and 12 (18.5%; 95% CI 9% to 27%) to both ceftazidime and amikacin. Eight Pseudomonas isolates, three Enterobacter isolates, and one Haemophilus isolate were resistant to both ceftazidime and amikacin. The isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones (42%) and imipenem (50%). Presenting visual acuity was light perception in 10 (83.3%) cases. A final visual acuity ≥20/200 was achieved in 5/12 (41.7%) of these patients.ConclusionIn the current study, Pseudomonas was the most common Gram-negative bacteria resistant to both amikacin and ceftazidime. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing endophthalmitis is a matter of concern in India. Alternative antibiotics like imipenem or fluoroquinolones may be considered for the management of these resistant organisms.

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“…[17][18][19] In this study, 100% recovery rate achieved in endophthalmitis following corneal and scleral infections, whereas it accounted for 65% in post-traumatic (141 of 217), 36% in post-surgical (225 of 625), and 15.5% in EE (11 of 71). In comparison, higher recovery rates are documented in many studies from postoperative endophthalmitis (67% in EVS, 9,16 53% in South India, 20 60% in Canada, 21 67% in Australia, 22 and 75% in Sweden 23 ). Many factors may have contributed to this, the most likely factor being that the patients were treated for infections before they were referred to tertiary care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological profile of culture-proven cases of exogenous and endogenous endophthalmitis: a 10-year retrospective study

Ramakrishnan

Bharathi

Shivkumar

et al. 2008

Eye

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Purpose To identify the microbial aetiology of infectious endophthalmitis and to determine the in vitro antibacterial susceptibilities of bacterial isolates. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out of all patients presenting between January 1997 and December 2006 with clinically diagnosed infectious endophthalmitis who underwent microbiological evaluation. Intraocular specimens (aqueous and vitreous fluids) were collected from all cases of clinically suspected infectious endophthalmitis. In addition to intraocular aspirates, blood specimens from endogenous endophthalmitis, and corneal and scleral scrapes from relevant cases were also collected. The collected intraocular specimens, blood specimens, and corneal and scleral scrapes were subjected to microbiological evaluation. Results Samples from 955 patients with endophthalmitis underwent microbiological analysis, of which 424 (44.4%) were found to be culture positive. Of 424, 364 (85.8%) had bacterial growth and the remaining 60 (14.2%) had fungal growth. Among post-surgical endophthalmitis, Gram-negative bacilli (75%) were found to be the predominant cause for developing fulminant onset, Staphylococcus spp. (68.6%) for acute, and Streptococcus spp. (75%) for chronic onset of infections, whereas in post-traumatic endophthalmitis, Gramnegative bacilli (65.2%) were found to be the predominant cause for fulminant onset, Gram-positive bacillus (28.4%) for acute onset, and fungi (52.3%) for chronic onset of infections. Endophthalmitis associated with microbial keratitis was mainly caused by filamentous fungi (37.2%) and Gram-negative bacilli (37.2%). Overall, gatifloxacin (97.7%) showed highest activity against bacterial isolates followed by ciprofloxacin (95.9%) and ofloxacin (95.1%). Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli cause predominantly fulminant onset, Staphylococci and Gram-positive bacilli acute, and Streptococci, Nocardia, and fungi chronic endophthalmitis. Gatifloxacin demonstrated greatest efficacy against these bacterial isolates.

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Endophthalmitis in the western Sydney region: a case‐control study

Cited by 61 publications

References 34 publications

The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in China: a multicenter investigation of 2006–2011

The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in China: a multicenter investigation of 2006–2011

Combined ceftazidime and amikacin resistance among Gram-negative isolates in acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome

Microbiological profile of culture-proven cases of exogenous and endogenous endophthalmitis: a 10-year retrospective study

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