Endometritis in gilts: reproductive data, bacterial culture, histopathology, and infiltration of immune cells in the endometrium

Tummaruk, Padet; Kesdangsakonwut, Sawang; Prapasarakul, Nuvee; Kaeoket, Kampon

doi:10.1007/s00580-009-0929-1

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Endometritis was assumed if signs of inflammation were visible, i.e. severe oedema and congestion, dark red colour, and, in most cases, purulent exudates in the uterine lumen (Tummaruk et al 2010a). Uteri containing pus exudates and/or having endometritis as well as other uterine abnormalities (n = 54) were excluded from the analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine size in replacement gilts associated with age, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive status

Tummaruk¹,

Kesdangsakonwut²

2014

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The objective of the present study was to determine the association between the uterine size and age, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive status in Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred gilts. Genital organs from 310 gilts (302.6 ± 2.9 days of age, 145.2 ± 1.2 kg body weight) were examined. The gilts were classified into two groups according to reproductive status: non-cyclic (n = 86) and cyclic (n = 224). The uterine weight in non-cyclic gilts was lower than that in cyclic ones (128 ± 8.1 and 694 ± 17.9 g, P < 0.001). Likewise, the length of the uterus in non-cyclic gilts was shorter than that in cyclic gilts (123 ± 2.9 and 252 ± 4.6 cm, P < 0.001). The weight of the uteri correlated with the body weight (r = 0.48, P < 0.001) and growth rate (r = 0.33, P < 0.001) of the gilts but not with their age (P > 0.05). For every 10 kg increase in the body weight of the gilts, an increase of 67 g in uterine weight (P < 0.001) and 21 cm in uterine length (P < 0.001) was observed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine size in replacement gilts associated with age, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive status

Tummaruk¹,

Kesdangsakonwut²

2014

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…Histological examination: Endometrial sections were classified as "acute endometritis," "chronic endometritis," and "normal endometrium" according to both gross morphological findings and histological examination from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections [5,26]. Moreover, immunocytes, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, macrophages, and plasma cells in different layers (surface epithelial, subepithelial connective tissue, and glandular connective tissue layers) were quantified under light microscope (400 ) in 20 randomly microscopic fields per endometrial layer [15,24].…”

Section: Tissue Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, endometritis has been observed in both virgin and mated gilts. The reproductive reasons for culling these endometritis gilts include anestrus, repeated breeding, not being pregnant, and abnormal vaginal discharge [26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inflammation degree of the endometrium can be classified by type and number of local immune cells infiltrating into the endometrium [5,26]. However, an elucidation of endometritis on the criterion of histological examination is relatively complicated since estrous cycle and/or insemination can be the factors predominating on the infiltration of immune cells into the endometrium [5,15,24].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Endometrium of Gilts with Different Stages of Endometritis

Roongsitthichai

Srisuwatanasagul

Koonjaenak

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The present study determined the association among the expression of COX-2, stages of endometritis, and types and number of local immune cells infiltrating into the gilts' endometrium. The uterine tissues from 24 Landrace x Yorkshire gilts identified as acute endometritis (n=7), chronic endometritis (n=7), and normal endometrium (n=10) were included. The tissues were prepared for both histological and immunohistochemical investigations. The immunoexpression of COX-2 in every layer of the gilts' endometria was appraised by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method via image analysis; and was reported as percentage of positive area and staining index. The results revealed that the immunoexpression of COX-2 was found only in the surface epithelial layer. The gilts with acute endometritis possessed higher both percentage of positive area (68.99% versus 4.50% and 3.43%, P<0.001) and staining index (1.13 versus 0.05 and 0.04, P<0.001) than those with chronic endometritis and normal endometrium, respectively. Positive correlations between the number of surface epithelial neutrophils and percentage of COX-2 positive area (r=0.47, P=0.022), as well as mean staining index (r=0.44, P=0.032) were observed. In conclusion, the immunoexpression of COX-2 was found strongest in the gilts with acute endometritis, meanwhile it was not different between those with chronic endometritis and normal endometrium. This suggested that the expression of COX-2 might be dependent not only on the infiltration of local immune cells in the endometrium, but also on the duration of exposure with inflammatory agents.

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“…Earlier studies have demonstrated that lymphocytes are the dominant immune cells in the gilts' [18] and sows' endometrium [7] and most of these lymphocytes were T cells [6]. Furthermore, neutrophils and macrophages are observed in all tissue layers of the gilts/sows' endometrium, especially during the follicular phase [7,18] and endometritis [19]. After AI, the numbers of neutrophils in the sows' endometrium is also increased [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Infiltration of Local Immune Cells in the Sow Reproductive Tracts after Intra-Uterine and Deep Intra-Uterine Insemination with a Reduced Number of Spermatozoa is Less than Conventional Artificial Insemination

Tummaruk

Tienthai

2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The present study investigated the infiltration of leukocyte subpopulations in the utero-tubal junction (UTJ) and each part of the oviducts at about 24 hr after intra-uterine insemination (IUI) and deep intra-uterine insemination (DIUI) compared to conventional artificial insemination (CAI) in sows. Fifteen crossbred Landrace x Yorkshire multiparous sows were used (CAI, n=5; IUI, n=5; DIUI, n=5). The sperm dose contained 3,000  10 6 (100 ml), 1,000  10 6 (50 ml) and 150  10 6 (5 ml) motile spermatozoa for CAI, IUI and DIUI, respectively. The sows were inseminated with extended fresh semen at 6 to 8 hr prior to the expected time of ovulation. At 25.2  1.6 hr after insemination, the oviducts and the UTJ were collected. The tissue samples of UTJ, caudal isthmus, cranial isthmus and ampulla were transversely cut to a thickness of 5 m and stained with H&E. The total numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils and plasma cells were determined under light microscope. It was found that the numbers of lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages after CAI, IUI and DIUI were not significantly different (P>0.1) in both epithelial and sub-epithelial connective tissue layer of the UTJ, caudal isthmus, cranial isthmus and ampulla. Intra-epithelial neutrophils in the UTJ were higher than cranial isthmus (P<0.05) and ampulla (P<0.05). In the UTJ, the intra-epithelial neutrophil in the CAI group was higher than DIUI group (P<0.01). Plasma cells in sub-epithelial layer of the endosalpinx in the CAI group were higher than DIUI group (P<0.05) and tended to be higher than the IUI group (P=0.08). In conclusion, compared to CAI, IUI and DIUI do not influence the infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils in the UTJ and the oviduct prior to fertilization. But a lower number of neutrophils in the intra-epithelial layer of the UTJ and plasma cells in the sub-epithelial layers of the oviduct was observed in the DIUI group compared to CAI.KEY WORDS: immune cell, intra-uterine insemination, oviduct, swine.

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Endometritis in gilts: reproductive data, bacterial culture, histopathology, and infiltration of immune cells in the endometrium

Cited by 42 publications

References 23 publications

Uterine size in replacement gilts associated with age, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive status

Uterine size in replacement gilts associated with age, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive status

Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Endometrium of Gilts with Different Stages of Endometritis

Infiltration of Local Immune Cells in the Sow Reproductive Tracts after Intra-Uterine and Deep Intra-Uterine Insemination with a Reduced Number of Spermatozoa is Less than Conventional Artificial Insemination

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