Endometrial regenerative cells: A novel stem cell population

Abstract

Angiogenesis is a critical component of the proliferative endometrial phase of the menstrual cycle. Thus, we hypothesized that a stem cell-like population exist and can be isolated from menstrual blood. Mononuclear cells collected from the menstrual blood contained a subpopulation of adherent cells which could be maintained in tissue culture for >68 doublings and retained expression of the markers CD9, CD29, CD41a, CD44, CD59, CD73, CD90 and CD105, without karyotypic abnormalities. Proliferative rate of the cells was significantly higher than control umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells, with doubling occurring every 19.4 hours. These cells, which we termed "Endometrial Regenerative Cells" (ERC) were capable of differentiating into 9 lineages: cardiomyocytic, respiratory epithelial, neurocytic, myocytic, endothelial, pancreatic, hepatic, adipocytic, and osteogenic. Additionally, ERC produced MMP3, MMP10, GM-CSF, angiopoietin-2 and PDGF-BB at 10-100,000 fold higher levels than two control cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell lines. Given the ease of extraction and pluripotency of this cell population, we propose ERC as a novel alternative to current stem cells sources.

Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells

“…Fig. 1a shows that isolated cells from menstrual blood had a typical spindle shape, consistent with the morphology reported by others Meng et al, 2007;Toyoda et al, 2007;Allickson and Xiang, 2012). The doubling time of the cultured cells was approximate 24 h. Clusters formed in the course of primary culturing and vortex-like cells appeared at 90% confluence in subcultures.…”

“…Human MenSCs were isolated from the menstrual blood of normal donors using a Divacup (S-Evans Biosciences, China) during the first day of menstruation as previously described by Meng et al (2007). Briefly, mononuclear cells were separated by Ficoll-Paque (1.077 g/ml; Fisher Scientific, NH) density-gradient centrifugation according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

“…Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) possess stem cell-like characteristics, such as self-renewal, high proliferative potential, and a pluripotent differentiation ability in vitro (Meng et al, 2007). MenSCs have been widely used in regenerative medicine research.…”

Marker Profiles of Human Endometrial Stem Cells at Various Passages Cultured In-Vitro

“…Besides, endometrial stem cells have been previously evaluated for an array of surface markers which include hematopoietic markers (CD 34, HLA-DR) ( Table 2), mesenchyme markers (CD73, CD90 and CD105), Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) (CD44, CD31), pluripotent marker: SSEA-4 and other unique markers like ABCG2, CD140b and CD117 [13][14][15][16]. Our results were coherent with all the above results in our studied marker panels even at passage 10.…”

The Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders Using Umbilical Cord Blood and Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells

“…Examples of some of the potential disorders that UCB and MenSCs may treat are shown in Table 1 In the last few years, the potential of menstrual blood 2) collection of menstrual blood. The collection of menHematolytic malignancies (e.g., lymphoma and leukemia) 1,11,24,90 strual blood to obtain stem cells has been implemented Diabetes 28,46 with unique collection and processing techniques by several other researchers over the last 3 years (17, 21,48,69,72,84,95). The collection and processing methods may render biologically distinct and dynamic cell populations in menstrual blood with stem cells being derived intraocular route for the treatment of animal models of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, amyotrophic from the endometrial lining and the blood itself.…”