Endometrial cytology of the normal bitch throughout the reproductive cycle

Abstract

Samples for endometrial cytology were collected both from live bitches using transcervical uterine cannulation (n = 48) and postmortem (n = 10). The cells identified were endometrial epithelial cells, leucocytes, erythrocytes, spermatozoa, bacteria and cervical or vaginal cells. The endometrial epithelial cells varied morphologically throughout the reproductive cycle and had signs of degeneration during late dioestrus and during early and mid-anoestrus following dioestrus and postpartum. Neutrophils were the most common leucocytes observed during pro-oestrus, oestrus, dioestrus and early pregnancy, and lymphocytes during anoestrus. Macrophages were frequently seen during anoestrus. Erythrocytes were found in variable numbers at all stages of the reproductive cycle. Spermatozoa were detected in samples collected during oestrus and early pregnancy in bitches which had their last mating one to three days previously. Bacteria were commonly observed during pro-oestrus and oestrus. Cornified cervical or vaginal cells were present during pro-oestrus and oestrus. This study demonstrated that the numbers, types, proportions and morphology of cells in endometrial cytological samples from normal bitches varied throughout the reproductive cycle.

Correlation between chronic inflammation, immunostaining and parasite load in the genital system of female dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum

“…In the present investigation; however, no macroscopic lesions were reported in the female genital tract. Therefore, the macrophages normally reported in the connective tissue of the vulva and vaginal mucosa made these areas a site of parasitism for L. infantum amastigotes (WATTS et al, 1998). In this context, it was not possible to establish a relationship, at least in the present study, between macrophages infected with L. infantum amastigotes and pre-existing injuries.…”

Citología Endometrial en la Gata (Felis catus) Durante el Diestro

“…Esto fue corroborado en la inspección de los ovarios, donde todas las hembras (20/20) presentaron cuerpos lúteos con diámetros que fluctuaron entre 2 y 3 mm. El promedio de cuerpos lúteos por hembra fue de 6.4 ± 3.9, valores levemente superiores a los descrito por Tsutsui et al Se pudieron identificar folículos entre 0.5 y 2 mm, los cuales fueron observados en el 80% de las hembras (16/20 Las CEEN no pudieron ser adecuadamente subdivididas en epitelio luminal y epitelio glandular, principalmente debido a las semejanzas morfológicas, concordante con lo señalado por Watts et al (1998). Las CEEN se caracterizaron por presentar dos ejes, uno mayor y otro menor, observándose células ovaladas, con un núcleo central o hacia un polo de la célula, levemente ovalado o redondo.…”

“…Las observaciones registradas en el presente estudio coinciden con las característi-cas descritas para la citología endometrial canina por varios autores (Watts et al, 1998;Groppetti et al, 2010;Raskin y Meyer, 2010).…”

“…Destaca la mayor presencia de CEEN en el diestro temprano y medio, respecto del diestro tardío (p<0.05) y la mayor cantidad de CEED en el diestro tardío respecto del diestro medio y temprano (p<0.05). Watts et al (1998) describen un incremento significativo de CEED durante el diestro respecto del estro en hembras cani-Figura 2. Células epiteliales endometriales de la gata durante la fase de diestro del ciclo estrual.…”

Uterine lymphangiography: comparison of two methods for locating the medial iliac lymph node

“…In contrast, cases of infection and inflammation of the canine uterus are very common (Fontaine et al 2009, Pretzer 2008, Watts et al 1998, partially due to the physiology of the reproductive cycle, in which this organ is exposed to the hormone progesterone for a particularly long period (Johnston et al 2001). Although the etiology of endometritis is not entirely clear, it is associated with infertility in the bitch (Fontaine et al 2009).…”