“…Szymanska and Miszczuk point out that an important rural endogenous resource is the human factor. On the basis of the obtained results it has been concluded that young people are more creative; they are leaders in innovation implementation [12]. Sedlacek focuses on universities and how they function to foster sustainable development.…”
Section: Science and Technology Resource Allocation And Sustainable Dmentioning
With the increasing of labor salaries, the RMB exchange rate, resource product prices and requirements of environmental protection, inexpensive labor and land are no longer the decisive factor of regional competitiveness. From this perspective, China needs to shift from the extensive development mode to the sustainable development mode. Science and technology resources rational allocation is one of the key issues in sustainable development. Based on the counties (districts) data of Zhejiang Province in China, this paper portrays the spatial variation of regional sustainable development level of this area. This paper finds that counties tend to cluster in groups with the same sustainable development level, and this agglomeration trend has been enforced during the past several years. It then testifies to the relationship between the allocation of science and technology resources and local sustainable development, identifies science and technology human resources, financial resources and environmental resource are positively related to local sustainable development, except government financial support. The economic level has a OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2014, 6 6401 negative relationship with regional sustainable development. This is because the development of the Zhejiang economy grown at the expense of the environment and ecosystem. Some advice is given according to the empirical analysis result.
“…Szymanska and Miszczuk point out that an important rural endogenous resource is the human factor. On the basis of the obtained results it has been concluded that young people are more creative; they are leaders in innovation implementation [12]. Sedlacek focuses on universities and how they function to foster sustainable development.…”
Section: Science and Technology Resource Allocation And Sustainable Dmentioning
With the increasing of labor salaries, the RMB exchange rate, resource product prices and requirements of environmental protection, inexpensive labor and land are no longer the decisive factor of regional competitiveness. From this perspective, China needs to shift from the extensive development mode to the sustainable development mode. Science and technology resources rational allocation is one of the key issues in sustainable development. Based on the counties (districts) data of Zhejiang Province in China, this paper portrays the spatial variation of regional sustainable development level of this area. This paper finds that counties tend to cluster in groups with the same sustainable development level, and this agglomeration trend has been enforced during the past several years. It then testifies to the relationship between the allocation of science and technology resources and local sustainable development, identifies science and technology human resources, financial resources and environmental resource are positively related to local sustainable development, except government financial support. The economic level has a OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2014, 6 6401 negative relationship with regional sustainable development. This is because the development of the Zhejiang economy grown at the expense of the environment and ecosystem. Some advice is given according to the empirical analysis result.
“…In between 2000 and 2006, regional environmental funds supported local initiatives for SRP introduction, but that resulted in limited planting. Establishment grants at national level for various energy crops (SRC willow and poplar, Miscanthus and Sida hermaphrodita ) were introduced in 2007–2008 and supported 1300 ha of planting until the scheme was withdrawn in 2009 (Szymańska and Chodkowska‐Miszczuk ). Despite the absence of further support, the planted area of energy crops continued to grow from 6193 ha in 2010 to 11,509 ha in 2013, with SRC willow making up the majority of this area (Aebiom ; Gajewski ).…”
Section: Short Rotation Plantations (Srp) Policy Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Year energy crops (SRC willow and poplar, Miscanthus and Sida hermaphrodita) were introduced in 2007-2008 and supported 1300 ha of planting until the scheme was withdrawn in 2009 (Szymańska and Chodkowska-Miszczuk 2011). Despite the absence of further support, the planted area of energy crops continued to grow from 6193 ha in 2010 to 11,509 ha in 2013, with SRC willow making up the majority of this area (Aebiom 2015;Gajewski 2015).…”
Section: No Of Hectares Planted Per Yearmentioning
Short rotation plantations (SRPs) are fast‐growing trees (such as willow (Salix spp.), poplar (Populus spp.) and Eucalyptus) grown closely together and harvested in periods of 2–20 years. There are around 50,000 hectares of SRPs in Europe, a relatively small area considering that there have been supportive policy measures in many countries for 30 years. This paper looks at the effect that the policy measures used in different EU countries have had, and how other external factors have impacted on the development of the industry. Rokwood was a 3‐year European funded project which attempted to understand the obstacles and barriers facing the woody energy crops sector using well established methods of SWOT and PESTLE analysis. Stakeholder groups were formed in six different European regions to analyze the market drivers and barriers for SRP and propose ways that the industry could make progress through targeted research and development and an improved policy framework. Based upon the outcomes of the SWOT and PESTLE analysis, each region produced a series of recommendations for policymakers, public authorities, and government agencies to support the development, production, and use of SRP‐derived wood fuel in each of the partner countries. This study provides details of the SRP policy analysis and reveals that each region shared a number of similarities with broad themes emerging. There is a need to educate farmers and policymakers about the multifunctional benefits of SRPs. Greater financial support from regional and/or national government is required in order to grow the SRP market. Introducing targeted subsidies as an incentive for growers could address lack of local supply chains. Long‐term policy initiatives should be developed while increasing clarity within Government departments. Research funding should enable closer working between universities and industry with positive research findings developed into supportive policy measures.
“…Lublin is located in the southeast of Poland. Diverse studies have shown that this province has a significant technical and economic potential for biomass production (Fischer et al, 2010;de Wit & Faaij, 2010;Szyma nska & Chodkowska-Miszczuk, 2011;Faber et al, 2012;Pudełko et al, 2012). In addition, the development level of agricultural systems and the agricultural yields in Eastern Poland are lower compared with Western regions (Eurostat, 2013;CSO, 2014a).…”
Increasing production of biofuels has led to concerns about indirect land-use change (ILUC). So far, significant efforts have been made to assess potential ILUC effects. But limited attention has been paid to strategies for reducing the extent of ILUC and controlling the type of LUC. This case study assesses five key ILUC mitigation measures to quantify the low-ILUC-risk production potential of miscanthus-based bioethanol in Lublin province (Poland) in 2020. In 2020, a total area of 196 to 818 thousand hectare of agricultural land could be made available for biomass production by realizing above-baseline yield developments (95-413 thousand ha), increased food chain efficiencies (9-30 thousand ha) and biofuel feedstock production on underutilized lands (92-375 thousand ha). However, a maximum 203-269 thousand hectare is considered legally available (not protected) and biophysically suitable for miscanthus production. The resulting low-ILUC-risk bioethanol production potential ranges from 12 to 35 PJ per year. The potential from this region alone is higher than the national Polish target for second-generation bioethanol consumption of 9 PJ in 2020. Although the sustainable implementation potential may be lower, the province of Lublin could play a key role in achieving this target. This study shows that the mitigation or prevention of ILUC from bioenergy is only possible when an integrated perspective is adopted on the agricultural and bioenergy sectors. Governance and policies on planning and implementing ILUC mitigation are considered vital for realizing a significant bioenergy potential with low ILUC risk. One important aspect in this regard is monitoring the risk of ILUC and the implementation of ILUC mitigation measures. Key parameters for monitoring are land use, land cover and crop yields.
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