Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2008

Bodnar, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2009.09.027

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 1,096 publications

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“…The role of opioid receptors in energy balance was demonstrated several decades ago (reviewed in [1,4]). The first report showing that blockade of opioid receptors decreases food intake used naloxone, a general opioid receptor antagonist [5].…”

Section: Opioid Receptors and Feeding Behavior: Homeostatic And Hedonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1970s, it was discovered that animals synthesized endogenous opioids [1]. Endogenous opioid peptides include endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins, and endomorphins and act through three different receptors, µ-, δ- and ĸ-opioid receptor (MOR, DOR and KOR), which are members of a super-family of G protein-coupled receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enkephalin is widely distributed throughout the brain and acts through MOR and DOR. Dynorphin acts via KOR and is found in the spinal cord and in many parts of the brain, including the hypothalamus [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Opioid System and Food Intake: Homeostatic and Hedonic Mechanisms

Nogueiras¹,

Romero‐Picó²,

Vázquez³

et al. 2012

Obes Facts

121

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Opioids are important in reward processes leading to addictive behavior such as self-administration of opioids and other drugs of abuse including nicotine and alcohol. Opioids are also involved in a broadly distributed neural network that regulates eating behavior, affecting both homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. In this sense, opioids are particularly implicated in the modulation of highly palatable foods, and opioid antagonists attenuate both addictive drug taking and appetite for palatable food. Thus, craving for palatable food could be considered as a form of opioid-related addiction. There are three main families of opioid receptors (µ, ĸ, and δ) of which µ-receptors are most strongly implicated in reward. Administration of selective µ-agonists into the NAcc of rodents induces feeding even in satiated animals, while administration of µ-antagonists reduces food intake. Pharmacological studies also suggest a role for ĸ- and δ-opioid receptors. Preliminary data from transgenic knockout models suggest that mice lacking some of these receptors are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity.

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Section: Opioid Receptors and Feeding Behavior: Homeostatic And Hedonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Opioid System and Food Intake: Homeostatic and Hedonic Mechanisms

Nogueiras¹,

Romero‐Picó²,

Vázquez³

et al. 2012

Obes Facts

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Endogenous opioid peptides, discovered by Hughes and coworkers 1 in 1975, are known to be potent regulators of growth [2][3][4] as well as neuromodulators/neurotransmitters. 5,6 Initially studied for the role of native opioid peptides as neurotransmitters, endogenous opioids have been shown to be present in neural and non-neural tissues, and evoked a number of functions other than neuromodulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of methionine encephalin (MENK) combined with pidotimod(PTD) on the maturation of murine dendritic cells (DCs)

Meng

wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…The primary and secondary binding affinities of these ligands and receptors are illustrated in figure 1 [Chen et al, 1993a;Meng et al, 1996;Gong et al, 1998;Zaveri et al, 2001;Snook et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2009]. Most investigations surrounding this gene family have focused on the role its members play in pain and nocicep-155 tion [reviewed in Stein and Zollner, 2009], stress response [Sonetti et al, 2005], behavior [reviewed in Bodnar, 2009], substance abuse [Kreek, 1996;Kreek et al, 2005;Drakenberg et al, 2006;Xuei et al, 2006Xuei et al, , 2007Huang et al, 2008;Nikoshkov et al, 2008], and some psychiatric affective disorders [reviewed in Ogden et al, 2004;Kennedy et al, 2006;Bodnar, 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive Changes in the Expression of the Opioid Genes between Humans and Chimpanzees

Cruz‐Gordillo

Fédrigo²,

Wray³

et al. 2010

Brain Behav Evol

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The various means by which the body perceives, transmits, and resolves the experiences of pain and nociception are mediated by a host of molecules, including neuropeptides within the opioid gene signaling pathway. The peptide ligands and receptors encoded by this group of genes have been linked to behavioral disorders as well as a number of psychiatric affective disorders. Our aim was to explore the recent evolutionary history of these two gene families by taking a comparative genomics approach, specifically through a comparison between humans and chimpanzees. Our analyses indicate differential expression of these genes between the two species, more than expected based on genome-wide comparisons, indicating that differential expression is pervasive among the opioid genes. Of the 8 family members, three genes showed significant expression differences (PENK, PNOC, and OPRL1), with two others marginally significant (OPRM1 and OPRD1). Accelerated substitution rates along human and chimpanzee lineages within the putative regulatory regions of OPRM1, POMC, and PDYN between the human and chimpanzee branches are consistent with positive selection. Collectively, these results suggest that there may have been a selective advantage to modulating the expression of the opioid genes in humans compared with our closest living relatives. Information about the cognitive roles mediated by these genes in humans may help to elucidate the trait consequences of these putatively adaptive expression changes.

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Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2008

Cited by 40 publications

References 1,096 publications

The Opioid System and Food Intake: Homeostatic and Hedonic Mechanisms

The Opioid System and Food Intake: Homeostatic and Hedonic Mechanisms

Synergistic effect of methionine encephalin (MENK) combined with pidotimod(PTD) on the maturation of murine dendritic cells (DCs)

Extensive Changes in the Expression of the Opioid Genes between Humans and Chimpanzees

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