Endogenous hormonal content and somatic embryogenic capacity of Corylus avellana L. cotyledons

The content of endogenous hormones and sugars in the process of early somatic embryogenesis in the tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb.

“…Third part of acquisition phase and an early stage of SE expression were also correlated with a greater concentration of cytokinins Z-type compared with iPA. This result resembles previous data indicating that the ratio of these two types of cytokinins is a good index of both the explant and callus embryogenic capacity (Centeno et al 1997;Pintos et al 2002). Among Z-type cytokinins, t-ZR appears to be particularly associated with frequent cell divisions leading to the production of linear stage somatic embryos in C. delgadii.…”

“…In these studies, the dynamic changes in the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (Ayil-Gutiérrez et al 2013), or IAA and ABA and cytokinins (Grieb et al 1997;Charrière et al 1999), and also in gibberellin concentrations (Jiménez and Bangerth 2001a) during the induction of SE were described for Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner, Daucus carota L., Helianthus annuus L., and Zea mays L., respectively. Because the ratio of endogenous hormones controls a mode of morphogenetic response, the ratio of IAA or ABA to cytokinins (Żur et al 2015), or the ratio of ABA to IAA (Centeno et al 1997), or of various types of cytokinins (e.g. zeatin (Z)-type and isopentenyl (iP)-type; Grieb et al 1997;Pintos et al 2002) tend to be good indicators of the embryogenic competence of explants.…”

“…However, most of them are limited to the comparisons of the non-embryogenic and embryogenic callus (Jiménez and Bangerth 2000;Pintos et al 2002;Jiménez et al 2005), the non-embryogenic explants and those with somatic embryos developed on the explant surface (Pérez-Jimé-nez et al 2013), or the genotypes/explants with different embryogenic capability (Wenck et al 1988;Centeno et al 1997;Limanton-Grevet et al 2000;Jiménez and Bangerth 2001a). Only a few reports on the progressive hormonal changes that occur during SE are available, but they differ in the type of explant, method (plant growth regulators or other stress factors) and manner of somatic embryo induction (i.e.…”

Competitive-IgY- Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (CIgY-ELISA) to detect the cytokinins in Gerbera jamesonii plantlets

“…The plant hormones determination, despite being considered an excellent alternative for understanding the plant physiological events (Centeno et al, 1997, Davies, 1995, Brault, Maldiney, 1999, has limited use in routine laboratory studies due to their complexity, expensiveness and time-consuming instrumental methods. There has been continuous effort to develop new Immunoassay techniques that estimate the concentration based on a comparison with known concentrations of a reference solution (Maldiney et al, 1986, Peres et al, 1997.…”

Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Cotyledons in ‘Tombul’ Hazelnut

“…As in other fruit and nut crops, the embryogenic potential of the explants was dependent on genotype, source and developmental stage of explants, salt formulation and combinations of growth regulators in basal medium (Perez et al 1983, Thompson et al 1996, Centeno et al 1997, Rodriguez et al 2000. Endogenous hormonal content and somatic embryogenic capacity of cotyledons collected in August (immature) and in September (mature) from "Casina" and "Negretta" which are late maturing hazelnut cultivars compared to Turkish cultivars were investigated by Centeno et al (1997).…”